Node and mesh analysis
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The document is a presentation about electrical circuits and alternating current. It contains definitions of terms like nodes, steps for determining voltage in a circuit, Norton's theorem for replacing a two-terminal circuit with an equivalent circuit, equations for alternating current, and advantages of AC over DC current. The presentation was given by four students from the Computer Science and Engineering department at Dhaka International University to their lecturer.
Node and mesh analysis
- 2. 2 ARIFUL ISLAMARIFUL ISLAM ID : 151-15-4869ID : 151-15-4869
- 3. 3 Presented by Group 5 ID: 151-15-4869 151-15-4856 151-15-4861 151-15-4883 Dept: CSE DIU Presnted to S.M. Safayet Ullah Lecturer Dept. of CSE DIU
- 5. 5 NODE Branch : A branch represents a single element such as voltage source or resistance etc. What is node? Node : In a electric circuit a node is the point of connection between two or more BRANCHES
- 6. 6 NODE
- 7. 7 Steps to Determine V (Voltage) Steps : 1. Firstly , we have to find out the nodes of the electrical circuits. 2. Then , we have to apply KCL & Ohm’s law (V=IR) 3. Then , we have to write the equation. 4. At last, we have to solve the equation And find out V
- 9. 9
- 10. 10 Now we have to simultaneous Eq. 1 and 2. We can solve the equations using any method and obtain the values of V1 and V2
- 11. 11 Shamsuzzaman ZihanShamsuzzaman Zihan ID : 151-15-4861ID : 151-15-4861
- 12. 12 Norton’s Theorem A linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced with an equivalent circuit of an ideal current source, IN, in parallel with a resistor, RN. – IN is equal to the short-circuit current at the terminals. – RN is the equivalent or input resistance when the independent sources in the linear circuit are turned off.
- 14. 14 Definitions for Norton’s Theorem Short-circuit current Isc is the current, i, when the load is a short circuit (i.e., RL = 0Ω). NSC II =
- 15. 15 Steps to Determine IN and RN 1. Identify the load, which may be a resistor or a part of the circuit. 2. Replace the load with a short circuit . 3. Calculate ISC. This is IN. 4. Turn off all independent voltage and currents sources in the linear 2-terminal circuit. 5. Calculate the equivalent resistance of the circuit. This is RN. The current through and voltage across the load in parallel with IN and RN is the load’s actual current and voltage in the original circuit.
- 16. 16 Nazmul AhsanNazmul Ahsan ID : 151-15-4856ID : 151-15-4856
- 17. 17 What is alternating Current(AC)? Alternating current (AC), is an electric current in which the flow of electric charge periodically reverses direction, An AC waveform can be sinusoidal
- 18. 18 HISTORY OF ALTERNATING CURRENT ALTERNATING CURRENT 18 William Stanley, Jr. designed one of the first practical devices to transfer AC power efficiently between isolated circuits. The AC power system used today developed rapidly after 1886, and included contributions by Nikola Tesla and Carl Wilhelm Siemens.
- 19. 19 EQUATION
- 20. 20 EQUATION Or y = A sin (ωt + φ)
- 21. 21 EQUATION
- 22. 22 AC Current The current flowing through the circuit can be calculated using Ohms’ Law (V=IR) and is usually measured with an oscilloscope. Notice that voltage and current through the resistor are in phase.
- 23. 23 Akash Ahmed Khan ID : 151-15-4883ID : 151-15-4883
- 24. 24 RMS VALUES ALTERNATING CURRENT Since voltage and current are always changing we need some way of averaging out their effect. We use r.m.s values (root-mean-square) The r.m.s values are the DC values which give the same average power output
- 26. 26 AC in capacitors ALTERNATING CURRENT In an AC circuit, the current can continue to flow, as the plates become alternately charged positively and negatively For both AC and DC circuits, the voltage across the resistor is related to the current by V=I.R A similar relationship exists for a capacitor:
- 27. 27 Advantages ALTERNATING CURRENT The single greatest advantage of alternating current is that AC current can be transformed and DC current cannot be transformed. It can be controlled by a wide range of components eg.resistors,capacitors and inductors. This allows high-voltage electrical power to be distributed with smaller wires and lower amperage.
- 28. 28 references ALTERNATING CURRENT 28 http://www.teachersdomain.org http://www.peetvs.co.za http://www.sjsu.edu http://www.youtube.com http://www.wikipedia.com http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca NCEA A.S 3.6 Text Chapters 18-19 Yrd. Doç. Dr. Levent Çetin/ alternatif akım
- 29. 29 THANKS FOR LISENTING…….. THE END
Editor's Notes
- #8: A primary concern for this course is efficiency. You might believe that faster computers make it unnecessary to be concerned with efficiency. However… So we need special training.
- #28: The electrical power is then transformed to a lower voltage where it is needed It can be produced directly from generators