Nontraditional Applications of XRF for Quality Assurance and Quality Control
1 like1,858 views
The document discusses the nontraditional applications of XRF (X-ray fluorescence) for quality assurance and control across various industries, focusing on specific case studies and principles of effective testing. It highlights the importance of representative sampling, consistency in tests, and instrument precision to maintain quality in materials such as composite building materials, antibacterial fabrics, and coatings. The document also touches upon future advances in XRF technology, including enhanced testing capabilities and integrations into manufacturing processes.
![Case #6: Construction Aggregates – Materials Science
Image Source: Creative Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone#/media/File:Limestone_Mines_at_Cedar_Creek.jpg
• Lime (stone) [CaO]
• Clay [(Al2Si2O5(OH)4]
• Iron-rich (Fe2O3)
Controls for Concrete Raw Materials
Lime Saturation Factor
!"# =
%&'
(2.8 ∗ "-'. + 1.2 ∗ 12.'3 + 0.65 ∗ #7.'3)
Alite [Ca3SiO5]
Belite [Ca2SiO4]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nontraditionalapplicationsofxrfforqualityassuranceandqualitycontrol-181214133518/85/Nontraditional-Applications-of-XRF-for-Quality-Assurance-and-Quality-Control-26-320.jpg)
![Case #6: Construction Aggregates – Materials Science
• Lime(stone) [CaO]
• Clay [(Al2Si2O5(OH)4]
• Iron-rich (Fe2O3)
Controls for Concrete Raw Materials
Lime Saturation Factor
!"# =
%&'
(2.8 ∗ "-'. + 1.2 ∗ 12.'3 + 0.65 ∗ #7.'3)
Image Source: Creative Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone#/media/File:Limestone_Mines_at_Cedar_Creek.jpg
"9 =
"-'.
12.'3 + #7.'3
19 =
12.'3
#7.'3
Silica Ratio
Alumina Ratio
0. %](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nontraditionalapplicationsofxrfforqualityassuranceandqualitycontrol-181214133518/85/Nontraditional-Applications-of-XRF-for-Quality-Assurance-and-Quality-Control-27-320.jpg)
Nontraditional Applications of XRF for Quality Assurance and Quality Control
- 1. 1 Nontraditional Applications of XRF for Quality Assurance and Quality Control XRF beyond Alloy PMI Olympus ASNT | Houston | 29 October 2018 Michael W. Hull, PhD | Applications Scientist
- 2. Future Advances in XRF Basics of XRF Case Studies in XRF Pipeline of this Talk
- 3. Basics of XRF Pipeline of this Talk
- 4. XRF Physics Grade MatchingCalculationMeasurementRe-EmissionExcitationX-Ray Emission Mn FeNi Cr
- 6. XRF Physics Grade MatchingCalculationMeasurementRe-EmissionExcitationX-Ray Emission Mn FeNi Cr
- 7. XRF Physics Grade MatchingCalculationMeasurementRe-EmissionExcitationX-Ray Emission Mn FeNi Cr
- 9. Thinking Beyond PMI to QA/QC
- 10. XRF: An Elemental Science Image Source: Library of Congress - http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b12511/ Dalton’s Atomic Theory • All matter is made of extremely tiny particles called atoms • All atoms of a given element are identical to one another • Atoms cannot be divided, created, or destroyed • Atoms of different elements combine in simple, whole- number ratios to form various chemical compounds • In chemical reactions, atoms can be combined, separated, or rearranged, but neither created nor destroyed Atoms make up everything… …so what’s the signature element?
- 11. • Element • “Compound” • Ratio • Mathematical function, ƒ(E1, E2, En)
- 12. Basics of XRF Case Studies in XRF Pipeline of this Talk
- 13. 1. E.g. composite decking, solid- surface countertop, or sink basin 2. Variegated material 3. Goal: Batch consistency for resin & filler material, color, etc. Case #1: Composite Building Material
- 14. Case #1: Composite Building Material 0% 10% 20%
- 15. Case #1: Composite Building Material
- 16. Proxy values Case #1: Composite Building Material Grit% Loading Level
- 17. QA/QC Principle #1: Representative Sampling • Multiple tests (6x, 2–3 secs) Case #1: Composite Building Material
- 18. QA/QC Principle #2: Consistency in Testing • Multiple tests (6x, 2–3 secs) Case #1: Composite Building Material Align to Corner
- 19. QA/QC Principle #1: Representative Sampling • Multiple tests (6x, 2–3 secs) • Panning test (10–12 seconds) • Inline integration Case #1: Composite Building Material
- 20. • Silver nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties • Commonly applied to fabric and garments • Loading & retention Case #2: Antibacterial Fabric Sample Ag Conc. (ppm) Precision (+/-) LB4 7.4 0.6 LB4 6.1 0.5 LB4 6.1 0.5 LB4 6.4 0.5 Average 6.5 ppm TH 2.7 0.6 TH 3.1 0.6 TH 2.8 0.6 TH 2.9 0.6 Average 2.9 ppm 0001 0055 A 2.1 0.5 0001 0055 B 2.2 0.5 0001 0055 C 1.6 0.5 0001 0055 D 1.5 0.5 Average 1.9 ppm 0002 0055 A 10.2 0.5 0002 0055 B 7.4 0.5 0002 0055 C 6.2 0.5 0002 0055 D 11.6 0.5 Average 8.9 ppm 0003 0055 A 3.1 0.5 0003 0055 B 1.5 0.4 0003 0055 C 1.6 0.4 0003 0055 D 2.2 0.5 Average 2.1 ppm
- 21. • Fuel cells provide clean energy from hydrogen • Platinum serves a central catalytic role • Catalyst membranes are loaded with colloidal platinum • Integration into production line Case #3a: Coatings — Fuel-Cell Membrane
- 22. Location Pt (mg/cm 2 ) Origin 0.428 QI 0.431 QII 0.434 QIII 0.441 QIV 0.443 • Coatings often show loading variations across the surface • QA/QC Principle #3: Instrument precision should exceed process variation Case #3a: Coatings — Fuel-Cell Membrane QIQII QIII QIV O Process Variation
- 23. • Coating weight is related to dwell time in the coating bath Case #3b: Coatings – Ceramics
- 24. Goldilocks Principle: Not too much, not too little! QA/QC Principle #4: Don’t waste the expensive stuff! Case #4: “Active” Ingredient – Formulation Control
- 25. • Additives affect plastics properties • Pigments/color intensity • XRF is tied to sample density Case #5: Plastics Additive Reading # Test Label Bi Conc ±σ Nb Conc ±σ Sb Conc ±σ S Conc ±σ 1 1-RP1 <LOD 0.0186 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0460 0.0347 0.0013 1 1-RP2 <LOD 0.0180 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0454 0.0349 0.0013 1 1-RP3 <LOD 0.0181 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0461 0.0310 0.0013 1 1-RP4 <LOD 0.0185 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0455 0.0351 0.0013 1 1-RP5 <LOD 0.0186 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0457 0.0329 0.0013 1 1-RP6 <LOD 0.0183 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0458 0.0333 0.0013 Average <LOD 0.0184 0.0003 0.0000 <LOD 0.0458 0.0338 0.0013 3 3-RP1 19.4136 0.2550 0.0108 0.0008 0.0725 0.0016 5.0014 0.0657 3 3-RP2 19.1715 0.2517 0.0097 0.0007 0.0705 0.0016 4.9635 0.0652 3 3-RP3 18.9926 0.2524 0.0093 0.0007 0.0706 0.0016 5.1646 0.0687 3 3-RP4 19.7717 0.2644 0.0106 0.0008 0.0727 0.0017 5.1473 0.0689 3 3-RP5 18.6864 0.2429 0.0094 0.0007 0.0692 0.0015 4.9865 0.0648 3 3-RP6 19.1825 0.2551 0.0106 0.0007 0.0676 0.0016 5.1647 0.0687 Average 19.2331 0.2538 0.0102 0.0007 0.0708 0.0016 5.0613 0.0668 5 5-RP1 24.6089 0.3377 0.0043 0.0010 0.0722 0.0019 11.4055 0.1564 5 5-RP2 24.4812 0.3357 0.0048 0.0010 0.0718 0.0019 11.4309 0.1566 5 5-RP3 24.7353 0.3390 0.0047 0.0010 0.0731 0.0019 11.4474 0.1568 5 5-RP4 25.5074 0.3564 0.0039 0.0010 0.0763 0.0020 11.6307 0.1624 5 5-RP5 25.5384 0.3528 0.0059 0.0011 0.0800 0.0020 11.6592 0.1609 5 5-RP6 25.2726 0.3508 0.0049 0.0010 0.0773 0.0020 11.5855 0.1607 Average 24.9647 0.3443 0.0047 0.0010 0.0747 0.0019 11.5092 0.1586 Santoprene Extruded Pellets (loose) Product (solid)
- 26. Case #6: Construction Aggregates – Materials Science Image Source: Creative Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone#/media/File:Limestone_Mines_at_Cedar_Creek.jpg • Lime (stone) [CaO] • Clay [(Al2Si2O5(OH)4] • Iron-rich (Fe2O3) Controls for Concrete Raw Materials Lime Saturation Factor !"# = %&' (2.8 ∗ "-'. + 1.2 ∗ 12.'3 + 0.65 ∗ #7.'3) Alite [Ca3SiO5] Belite [Ca2SiO4]
- 27. Case #6: Construction Aggregates – Materials Science • Lime(stone) [CaO] • Clay [(Al2Si2O5(OH)4] • Iron-rich (Fe2O3) Controls for Concrete Raw Materials Lime Saturation Factor !"# = %&' (2.8 ∗ "-'. + 1.2 ∗ 12.'3 + 0.65 ∗ #7.'3) Image Source: Creative Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone#/media/File:Limestone_Mines_at_Cedar_Creek.jpg "9 = "-'. 12.'3 + #7.'3 19 = 12.'3 #7.'3 Silica Ratio Alumina Ratio 0. %
- 28. • Sulfur content • Ash content • Caloric value Case #7: Coal Lifecycle – Energy Science
- 29. Case #7: Coal Lifecycle – Ash Content Ash Content ∝ (Mg+Al+Si+P+S+K+Ca+Ti+Fe)
- 30. Case #7: Coal Lifecycle – Caloric Value Caloric Value ∝ Ash Content
- 31. Case #7: Coal Lifecycle – Caloric Value Caloric Value ∝ (Mg+Al+Si+P+S+K+Ca+Ti+Fe)
- 32. Alternative to fire assay Fire assay is: • Labor-intensive • Time-intensive • Energy-intensive Case #8: Gold on Carbon
- 33. Future Advances in XRF Basics of XRF Case Studies in XRF Pipeline of this talk
- 34. Advanced Testing Wireless Bluetooth® Cloud Connectivity IoT Manufacturing 4.0 Inline Testing XRF Integrations What property do you want to measure? What’s your signature element?
- 35. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Olympus Corporation is under license. Olympus is a registered trademark of Olympus Corporation.