Notes on Class 2
- 1. CITY UNIVERSITY Department of Computer Science and Engineering Class note Course Title: Data Communication Course Code: CSE 313 Submitted to: PRANAB BANDHU NATH Senior Lecturer Dept. Of CSE City University Submitted By: Md. Zillur Rahman ID: 1834902144 Dept.: CSE
- 2. Notes on Class 2 Transmission Modes in Computer Networks: Simplex: The communication between the sender and the receiver occurs in only one direction in simplex transmission mode. The data can only be sent bythe sender, and the data can only bereceived bythe recipient. The recipient is unable to respond to the sender. Half-duplex: Half-duplex transmission allows communication between the sender and receiver in both directions, but only one at a time. Both the sender and the receiver can send and receive data, but only one of them can send at any one time. A half duplex is still considered a one-way road, which means that a vehicle moving in the opposite direction of traffic must wait until the road is clear before passing. Full-duplex: In full duplex transmission mode, the sender and receiver can communicate at the same time. Both the transmitter and the receiver can send and receive data at the same time. Full duplex transmission mode is analogous to a two- way street, with traffic flowing in both directions at the same time.
- 3. Analog Signal: An analog signal is a continuous signal whose time-varying feature is a representation of another time-varying quantity. Human voice, thermometer, analog phones, and so on. Digital signal: The data is represented as a series of discrete numbers in a digital signal. A digital signal can only take one value from a finite set of possible values at any one time. Computers, digital phones, and other electronic devices are examples. Intranet: An intranet is a private network that can only be accessed by authorized users. Intranets serve many different purposes, but their primary objective is to facilitate internal communication. Internet: The internet is a worldwide network system that connects a broad collection ofprivate, public, business, academic, and government networks to enable global communication and access to data resources. NIC: A Network Interface Card (NIC) is a piece of hardware that is installed on a computer to allow it to connect to the internet. It's also known as a network adapter or Ethernet card. Every NIC has a 48-bit serial number known as a MAC address that is stored in ROM on the card. MAC Address: A MAC (Media access control) address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller for use as a network address in
- 4. communications within a network segment. MAC address provides a secure way to find senders or receivers in the network and helps prevent unwanted network access. It also referred as hardware addresses. Types of Computer Network: Local Area Network (LAN): The LAN, or Local Area Network, is a network that allows personal computers and workstations to share data, tools, and programs. A switch, or stackof switches, connects a set of computers and devices using a private addressing system provided by the TCP/IP protocol. In comparison to other computers on the local network, private addresses are unique. Routers are located at the LAN's edge, linking it to the broader WAN. Examples of Local Area Network (LAN): • Networking in home, office. • Networking in school, laboratory, university campus. • Networking between two computers. • Wi-Fi (When we consider wireless LAN). Metropolitan Area Network: A Metropolitan Area Network, or MAN, is a computer network that spans a city, a college campus, or a small area. This network
- 5. is much larger than a LAN, which is usually restricted to a single building or location. This type of network can cover a range of distances from a few miles to tens of miles, depending on the arrangement. Example of Metropolitan Area Network: • Cable TV network. • Telephone networks providing high-speed DSL lines. Campus Area Network (CAN): A Campus Area Network (CAN) is a collection of interconnected Local Area Networks that span a specific geographic area, such as a schoolcampus, a university campus, a military post, ororganizational campuses and corporate buildings. A Campus Area Network (CAN) is larger than a Local Area Network (LAN), but it is smaller than a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN). Example of Campus Area Network: • Network between school, library and hostel. • Network between houses. Wide Area Network (WAN): Another important computer network that spans a broad geographical area is the WAN (Wide Area Network). A WAN network system
- 6. could be a LAN link that uses telephone lines and radio waves to connect to other LANs. It is usually restricted to a single company or group. Reference: Book: Data Communication and Networking By Behrouz A.Forouzan