Nursing definitions and scope
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This document defines key concepts in nursing according to Virginia Henderson and Florence Nightingale. Henderson defines nursing as assisting individuals in activities contributing to health that they would otherwise do independently. Nightingale viewed utilizing the patient's environment as key to recovery. The document also outlines the scope of nursing as including individuals, families, and communities. It describes nursing roles in promoting wellness, preventing illness, restoring health, and caring for the dying.
Nursing definitions and scope
- 1. NURSING DEFINITIONS PREPARED BY: USHA RANI KANDULA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ADULT HEALTH NURSING, ARSI UNIVERSITY,ASELLA,ETHIOPIA, SOUTH EAST AFRICA.
- 2. ACCORDING TO : VIRGINIA HENDERSON “The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death),
- 3. CON------------- that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible”. With out any help
- 4. ACCORDING TO : FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE “The act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery” .
- 5. Nightingale considered a clean,well- ventilated, and quiet environment essential for recovery.
- 7. SCOPE OF NURSING Nurses provide care for three types of clients: individuals, families, and communities.
- 8. PROMOTING HEALTH AND WELLNESS When health is defined broadly as actualization of human potential, it has been called wellness.
- 9. Nurses promote wellness in clients who are both healthy and ill.
- 10. This may involve individual and community activities to enhance healthy lifestyles, such as improving
- 11. Nutrition and physical fitness, Preventing drug and alcohol misuse, Restricting smoking, and Preventing accidents and injury in the home and workplace.
- 12. PREVENTING ILLNESS The goal of illness prevention programs is to maintain optimal health by preventing disease.
- 13. Nursing activities that prevent illness include immunizations, prenatal and infant care, and prevention of sexually transmitted infections.
- 14. RESTORING HEALTH Restoring health focuses on the ill client, and it extends from early detection of disease through helping the client during the recovery period.
- 15. NURSING ACTIVITIES INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: Providing direct care to the ill person, such as administering medications, baths, and specific procedures and treatments.
- 16. Performing diagnostic and assessment procedures, such as Measuring blood pressure and examining feces for occult blood.
- 17. Consulting with other health care professionals about client problems.
- 18. Teaching clients about recovery activities, such as exercises that will accelerate recovery after a stroke.
- 19. Rehabilitating clients to their optimal functional level following physical or mental illness, injury, or chemical addiction.
- 20. CARING FOR THE DYING This area of nursing practice involves comforting and caring for people of all ages who are dying.
- 21. It includes helping clients live as comfortably as possible until death and helping support persons cope with death.
- 22. Nurses carrying out these activities work in homes, hospitals, and extended care facilities.
- 23. Some agencies, called hospices, are specifically designed for this purpose.
- 24. THANKING YOU