![Lipids [AKA fats] (used for) some hormones are lipids Building the cell membrane long-term energy storage (the fat our body stores)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nutrientclassesoffood12-10-101214205956-phpapp01/85/Nutrient-classes-of_food_12-10-24-320.jpg)
Nutrient classes of_food_12-10
- 1. Nutrient Classes of Food Biology
- 2. Carbohydrates Functions (used for) provide fuel for the body Are used to build plant cell walls (cellulose)
- 3. What are some food sources of carbohydrates? Vegetables flour Fruits rice
- 4. Elements needed to build carbs: C = carbon H = hydrogen O = Oxygen Ratio in each type is 2 Hydrogen : 1 Oxygen (C 6 H 12 O 6 )
- 5. Carbs: Unique Features end in –ose (glucose, sucrose, etc) rings of atoms
- 6. Specific Examples of Carbs Glucose Monosaccharide (mono = one, saccharide = sugar) produced by plants by photosynthesis Is the main short-term fuel for our body
- 7. Specific Examples of Carbs Fructose found in many fruits & honey Monosaccharide (mono = one)
- 8. Specific Examples of Carbs sucrose table sugar disaccharide (di = 2)
- 9. Starches – 3 types
- 10. Specific Examples of Carbs Starch polysaccharide (poly = many) energy storage for humans (medium term) Used for carbo loading (pasta party)
- 11. Carbs: Specific Examples Glycogen (a polysaccahride) AKA animal starch Human energy reserves (liver and muscles) broken down to release glucose
- 12. Specific Examples of Carbs Cellulose (polysaccharide) makes cell walls rigid / strong humans cannot digest – called fiber in our diet
- 13. Carbohydrates - FIBER What is the role of fiber in health? absorb water and toxins ensure regular elimination of wastes decrease cancer risk
- 14. Protein
- 15. Proteins Function (used for) build tissue – hair, nails, skin, muscle, organs, tendons, ligaments repair tissue – after an injury regulate chemical activity (enzymes)
- 16. Proteins: What are some food sources? meat (beef, pork, fowl, fish, lamb) dairy (milk, cheese, yogurt) nuts beans eggs
- 17. Elements that build Proteins: C = carbon H = hydrogen O = oxygen N = nitrogen
- 18. Unique Features of Proteins: made of chains of amino acids amino acid chains fold in a specific shape shape determines function (job) Enzymes end in -ase
- 19. Specific Examples of Proteins: Enzymes – control chemical reactions (digestion, cell activities)
- 20. Specific Examples of Proteins: Hemoglobin – main component of red blood cells Binds and carries oxygen from lungs to cells
- 21. Specific Examples of Proteins: Transport Proteins – help molecules move in or out of a cell membrane
- 22. Specific Examples of Proteins: Insulin – a hormone signals cells to take glucose out of blood and use it.
- 23. Lipids (Fats)
- 24. Lipids [AKA fats] (used for) some hormones are lipids Building the cell membrane long-term energy storage (the fat our body stores)
- 25. What are some food sources of Lipids? Dairy milk, cheese, butter Plant seeds olive, peanut, corn Meats contain fats
- 26. What elements are involved? C = carbon H = hydrogen O = oxygen
- 27. Unique Features of Lipids Made of fatty acids and glycerol stores most energy stored per gram. Very long chains of fatty acids with lots of bonds
- 28. Specific Examples of Lipids Phospholipid – used to make the cell membrane
- 29. Specific Type saturated fats solid at room temp typically animal fats not healthy for us
- 30. Specific Type unsaturated fats liquid at room temp typically plant fats healthy for you
- 31. Saturated vs unsaturated fats
- 32. The End