![VECTORS
• Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans
or from animals to humans.
• many of these vectors are blood sucking insect that ingest disease producing
micro-organism during a blood meal from infected host [ human or animal]
• And later inject them into a new host during their next blood meal.
• Mosquitoes are the best known vector for causing diseases. Other species include
certain species of
• Ticks
• Flies
• Sand-flies
• Bugs](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-2-320.jpg)
![• Asha under NHM,
Anganwadi workers of
ICDS & community
volunteers of NGOs
would be trained to serve
[FTDs]Fever Treatment
Depot.
• PHC. CHC equipment to
manage malaria
• Lab surveillance
enhanced
• Improve efficiency and
quality of services at
primary level.
• Training medical officers,
lab technician and
community volunteers of
public and private sector.
• district hospitals should
be equipped with
ventilators and lab
services.
• Improve efficiency and
quality of services at
secondary level.
• Medical college hospital,
manage all referrals.
• Rapid diagnosis for
management of severe
malaria cases
Primary level Secondary level Tertiary level](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-9-320.jpg)
![STRATEGIES FOR VECTOR BORNE DISEASES
DISEASE MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED VECTOR
MANAGEMENT
SUPPORTIVE INTERVENTIONS
• Early detection
• complete treatment
• Referral services
• Epidemic preparedness
• Rapid response
• Entomological surveillance
• Anti- larval measures
• Anti- adult measures
• Behaviour change
communication[BCC]
• Intersectoral convergence[ ISC]
• Public private partnership[PPP]
• Operational research
• Monitoring and evaluating
through periodic reviews/ field
visit
• Human resource development
through capacity building](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-11-320.jpg)
![• Indoor residual spray[IRS]
• Space spray
• Genetic control
Measure to control
adult mosquitoes
• Chemical
• biological
• environmental
Anti-larval
measures
• Use of bed nets
• mosquito protection cream
• repellents
Personal protection
against bites](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-13-320.jpg)
![ANTI-LARVAL MEASURES
• In anti-larval measures mosquitoes are eliminated prior to becoming adults,
they cannot pose a nuisance or disease problem.
Environment
al control
Chemical
control
Biological
control
• Source reduction
[ water prevention]
• Engineering
measuring
[ sanitation proper
drainange system]
Larvicides[ mineral
oil- diesel kerosine]
Insecticides-
fenthion
Paris green-
stomach poison
Mosquito fish can eat
mosquito larva as fast as
larva hatches from eggs.
100 per day](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-19-320.jpg)
![MOSQUITO
NET-
Size of opening
should be 0.0475
inch in diameter.
No. of holes in one
square is 150
Screens
Copper or
bronze screen
with opening
not exceed
0.0475
Repellents
Diethyl-
toluamide[DEE
T]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nvbdcp-240604123404-be1ed993/85/NVBDCP-pptx-Nation-vector-borne-disease-control-program-22-320.jpg)
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
- 1. NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME SAPNA THAKUR MSC COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
- 2. VECTORS • Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans. • many of these vectors are blood sucking insect that ingest disease producing micro-organism during a blood meal from infected host [ human or animal] • And later inject them into a new host during their next blood meal. • Mosquitoes are the best known vector for causing diseases. Other species include certain species of • Ticks • Flies • Sand-flies • Bugs
- 3. •Vector borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases, causing more that 1 million death annually. •More than 2.5 billion people in over 100 countries are at risk of contracting dengue alone. •Malaria causes more than 400,000 deaths every year globally, most of them are children under 5 years of age.
- 5. INTRODUCTION • The Ministry of Health, Government of India, Central Health council launch programme aimed at controlling or eradicating diseases which cause considerable mortality & mortality in India. • MILESTONE NATIONAL MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAM -1953 NATIONAL MALARIA ERADICATION PROGRAME- 1958 NATIONAL ANTI- MALARIAL PROFGRAM -1999 NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAME- 2002
- 6. • This programme launched in 1953 during first five year plan {1951- 1955} • Disease included in the programme are-{6} 1. Malaria 2. Filaria 3. Kala-azar 4. Japanese encephalitis 5. Dengue 6. Chikungunya This programme started with the help of international organization The good result of its programme encourage government to adopt malaria eradication programme. This programme is now run under umbrella programs of NHM NVBDCP Was launched in 2002-2004
- 7. MISSION STATEMENT Reducing mortality on account of malaria, dengue& JE by half Elimination of lymphatic filariasis by year 2015 Elimination of kala- azar till 2010
- 8. OBJECTIVE OF NVBDCP • NVBDCP strategies comprise- Early diagnose, prompt treatment and complete treatment Integrated vector management including promotion of personal protective measures and biological measures. BCC, capacity building through integrated training at all tiers of health care delivery system. Partnerships Environment management- proper drainage and sanitation Monitoring and evaluation Improve efficiency and quality of services at primary, secondary and tertiary levels
- 9. • Asha under NHM, Anganwadi workers of ICDS & community volunteers of NGOs would be trained to serve [FTDs]Fever Treatment Depot. • PHC. CHC equipment to manage malaria • Lab surveillance enhanced • Improve efficiency and quality of services at primary level. • Training medical officers, lab technician and community volunteers of public and private sector. • district hospitals should be equipped with ventilators and lab services. • Improve efficiency and quality of services at secondary level. • Medical college hospital, manage all referrals. • Rapid diagnosis for management of severe malaria cases Primary level Secondary level Tertiary level
- 10. ANTI- MALARIA PROGRAM • National malaria control program was launched in1953, with the objective of bringing down transmission to a level in which it would cease to be a public health problem. OBJECTIVE- a) Elimination of malaria b) Reduction of malaria morbidity c) Maintenance of gains achieved so far by reducing transmission of
- 11. STRATEGIES FOR VECTOR BORNE DISEASES DISEASE MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED VECTOR MANAGEMENT SUPPORTIVE INTERVENTIONS • Early detection • complete treatment • Referral services • Epidemic preparedness • Rapid response • Entomological surveillance • Anti- larval measures • Anti- adult measures • Behaviour change communication[BCC] • Intersectoral convergence[ ISC] • Public private partnership[PPP] • Operational research • Monitoring and evaluating through periodic reviews/ field visit • Human resource development through capacity building
- 12. INTEGRATED VECTOR MANAGEMENT • The aim of NVBDCP is to achieve effective vector control by the appropriate biological, chemical and environmental interventions of proven efficacy separately or in combination as appropriate to the area through optimal use of resources. • Efforts are made for collaboration with various public & private agency & community participation for vector control • Integration of IVM is done by using identical vector control methods to control malaria & dengue in urban area. • IVM includes safe use of insecticides and monitoring of insecticide resistance. The measure of vector control and protection include
- 13. • Indoor residual spray[IRS] • Space spray • Genetic control Measure to control adult mosquitoes • Chemical • biological • environmental Anti-larval measures • Use of bed nets • mosquito protection cream • repellents Personal protection against bites
- 14. Measure to control adult mosquitoes
- 15. 1. INDOOR RESIDUAL SPRAYING (IRS) • Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a core vector control intervention that can rapidly reduce malaria transmission. • It involves the application of a residual insecticide to internal walls and ceilings of housing structures where malaria vectors may come into contact with the insecticide. • The insecticide lasts for at least four months, killing mosquitoes that land on it. • Eg- DDT, lindane, malathion
- 16. 2. SPACE SPRAY • Insecticides solution is sprayed into atmosphere on form of mist or fog to kill insects Space spray- Malathion & fenitrothion
- 17. 3. GENETIC CONTROL • Genetically modified aedes mosquito OX513A by oxitec • Modified male- self limiting genes- offspring won’t survive to adulthood • Release engineering sterile male to prevent mosquito reproduction Also known as birth control for mosquitos
- 19. ANTI-LARVAL MEASURES • In anti-larval measures mosquitoes are eliminated prior to becoming adults, they cannot pose a nuisance or disease problem. Environment al control Chemical control Biological control • Source reduction [ water prevention] • Engineering measuring [ sanitation proper drainange system] Larvicides[ mineral oil- diesel kerosine] Insecticides- fenthion Paris green- stomach poison Mosquito fish can eat mosquito larva as fast as larva hatches from eggs. 100 per day
- 22. MOSQUITO NET- Size of opening should be 0.0475 inch in diameter. No. of holes in one square is 150 Screens Copper or bronze screen with opening not exceed 0.0475 Repellents Diethyl- toluamide[DEE T]
- 23. THANK- YOU