OLM Science6_6
- 1. Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Inside the Earth Section 1
- 2. Earth Layers The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Crust *Mantle *Core
- 3. The Crust * The Earth’s crust is like the skin of an apple. It is the outer most layer. *The crust makes up 1% of the Earth. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates.
- 4. The Mantle The mantle is the layer between the crust & the core. The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. The mantle is divided into two regions: the upper and lower sections.
- 5. Core * The core extends from the bottom of the mantle to the center of the Earth. * The outer core is liquid. * The inner core is a solid.
- 6. Asthenosphere * Soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move.
- 7. Lithosphere The outermost ridge layer of the Earth
- 8. Mesosphere Beneath the Asthenosphere is the strongest part of the mantle
- 9. Outer Core Liquid layer of the Earth’s core
- 10. Inner Core Solid dense center of our planet
- 11. Tectonic Plates Pieces of the lithoshpere that move around on the top of the asthenosphere
- 12. Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Restless Continents Section 2
- 13. Continental Drift Continents can drift apart from one another and have done so in the past
- 14. The Break up of Pangea 245 Million years ago
- 15. Laurasia & Gondwana 180 Million years ago
- 16. North America, Eurasia, Africa, India, South America, Antarctica 65 Million years ago
- 17. Sea-floor spreading How a new oceanic lithosphere is created as older materials are pulled away
- 19. Magnetic Reversal Earth’s magnetic poles change positions
- 20. Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics The theory of Plate Tectonics Section 3
- 21. Plate Tectonics Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around the top of the asthenosphere
- 22. Ridge Push Lithosphere is higher then it is where it sinks beneath the continental lithosphere
- 23. Slab Pull When an oceanic plate collides with the continental plate. The oceanic plate is forced into the asthenosphere
- 24. Convection Hotter material deep within the Earth rises while cooler material sinks
- 25. Convergent Boundaries When two tectonic plates push into one another Continental/Continental Collisions Continental/Oceanic Collusions Oceanic/Oceanic Collusions
- 26. Continental/Continental Collisions When 2 tectonic plates with continental crust collide
- 27. Continental/Oceanic Collusions When a tectonic plate with continental crust crashes into a plate with oceanic plates
- 28. Oceanic/Oceanic Collusions When two oceanic plates collide
- 29. Divergent Boundaries When two tectonic plates move away from one another Moving apart
- 30. Moving Apart Two tectonic plates move apart from each other
- 31. Transform Boundaries The boundary between two tectonic plates that slide past each other Sliding Past
- 32. Sliding Past Two tectonic plates slide past each other
- 33. Chapter 6 Plate Tectonics Deforming the Earth’s Crust Section 4
- 34. Stress The amount of force that is put on a given material
- 35. Compression The type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed, when 2 tectonic plates collide
- 36. Tension Stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object
- 37. Folding Rock layers bend due to compression of the Earth’s crust Anticline Syncline Monocline
- 38. Anticline
- 39. Syncline
- 40. Monocline
- 41. Fault The surface along which rocks break & slide past each other
- 42. Normal Fault The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall
- 43. Reverse Fault The hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
- 44. Strike-slip Fault Rocks break & move horizontally
- 45. Folded Mountains Rock layers are pushed upward
- 46. Fault Block Mountains Large blocks of the Earth’s crust drop relative to other blocks
- 47. Volcanic Mountains Form over the type of convergent boundaries that include subduction zones