OLM Science6_7
- 1. Chapter 7 Earthquakes What are Earthquakes? Section 1
- 2. Seismology The study of earthquakes
- 3. Fault A break in the Earth’s crust along which the crust slide relative to one another Normal Thrust Strike-slip
- 4. Deformation Change in the shape of a rock in response to stress
- 5. Elastic Rebound Sudden return of elastically deformed rock
- 6. Transform Motion Two plates slip past each other
- 7. Strike-Slip Fault Blocks of crust slide past each other
- 8. Convergent Occurs where two plates push together
- 9. Reverse Fault Blocks of crust that are pushed together slide vertically
- 10. Divergent Motion Two plates pull away from each other
- 11. Normal Faults Block of crust are pulled away from each other slide vertically
- 12. Seismic Waves Waves of energy that travel through the Earth
- 13. P Waves Travel through solids liquids & gases. Fastest seismic waves (Primary Waves)
- 14. S Waves Shear waves, second fastest seismic wave(Secondary Wave)
- 15. Surface Waves Moves the ground up and down in circles as the waves travel along the surface
- 16. Chapter 7 Earthquakes Earthquake Measurement Section 2
- 17. Seismographs Instruments that record seismic waves
- 18. Seismogram Tracing of an earthquake motion created by a seismograph
- 19. Epicenter Point on the Earth’s surface directly above an earthquakes starting point
- 20. Focus The point inside the Earth where the earthquake begins
- 21. Finding the Epicenter A circle is drawn around 3 different seismograph station
- 22. Richter Scale Tool used to measure the earthquake strength
- 23. Chapter 7 Earthquakes Earthquakes and Society Section 3
- 24. Earthquake Hazard How prone an area is to experiencing earthquakes in the future
- 25. Strength & Frequency The weaker the earthquake the more often they occur
- 26. Gap Hypothesis Sections of active faults that have few earthquakes are likely to be sites of strong earthquakes
- 27. Seismic Gaps Areas along the fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred
- 28. Mass Damper Weight placed on the roof of the building
- 29. Cross - Braces Braces placed between floors
- 30. Flexible Pipes Prevent water & gas lines from breaking
- 31. Base Isolators Act as shock absorbers during an earthquake
- 32. Active Tendon System Works like damper system in the roof
- 33. Chapter 7 Earthquakes Earthquake Discoveries near and Far Section 4
- 34. Moho Space within the Earth where the speed of seismic waves increase sharply
- 35. Shadow Zone Area on the Earth’s surface where no waves from a particular earthquake can be detected
- 36. Inner Core Solid inner core
- 37. Moonquakes Seismograph event on the moon
- 38. Mars Space probe Viking I
- 39. The Sun Seismic Waves