The document discusses different types of class classifications in C++, including hierarchical, combinatorial, and parametric classifications. Hierarchical classification organizes classes in a parent-child relationship, with each class having unique characteristics inherited only by its subclasses. Combinatorial classification defines classes based on the meanings of certain properties or parameters. Parametric classification defines classes based on values of some essential parameters, with most class characteristics correlating to the parameters. The document also discusses how inheritance based on the "is-a" relationship can result in errors if classes are incorrectly structured in the hierarchy.