OOPs difference faqs-3
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The document discusses several key differences between programming concepts: - Abstraction vs encapsulation focuses on design vs implementation levels and hiding unwanted vs internal details. - Composition vs aggregation defines strong relationships where entities need each other vs weak relationships where entities can exist independently. - Private classes are only accessible within their definition vs sealed classes which can be accessed by any class but not inherited from. - Static classes contain only static members and no instances vs sealed classes which can contain static and nonstatic members and instances. - Virtual methods allow overriding but not require it, while abstract methods require derived classes to override them.
OOPs difference faqs-3
- 1. Difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation Abstraction Encapsulation Abstraction solves the problem in the Encapsulation solves the problem in the design level. implementation level. Abstraction is used for hiding the Encapsulation means hiding the code unwanted data and giving relevant data. and data into a single unit to protect the data from outside world. Abstraction allows us to focus on what Encapsulation means hiding the internal the object does instead of how it does it details or mechanism of how an object does something. Abstraction- Outer layout, used in Encapsulation- Inner layout, used in terms of design. terms of implementation. For Example:- For Example:- Inner Implementation Outer Look of a Mobile Phone, like it detail of a Mobile Phone, how keypad has a display screen and keypad buttons button and Display Screen are to dial a number. connected with each other using circuits Difference between Composition and Aggregation Composition Aggregation Defines a strong-coupled relationship Defines a weak-coupled relationship between two entities, where the one between two entities, where one entity entity is part of another, and both need could be part of another, but either can each other for their existence. exist without the other, independantly. e.g. Human body and the Heart. e.g.School and teacher. Composition implies real ownership of Aggregation does not necessarily own its components any of its aggregates. Composition has a stronger bond of its Aggregation has weaker or looser bonds components. with its aggregates. Composition has components that exist Aggregation has aggregates that live at at the inner level. the outer level.
- 2. Difference between Private Class and Sealed Class Private Class Sealed Class A Private class can only be accessed by A Sealed class can be accessed by any the class it is defined and contain within class.Private Constructor of a Private - it is completely inaccessible to outside Class = Sealed Class. classes. In private Class,we can create a In Sealed class we can not create a constructor and therefore we can create constructor of that class, so no instance an instance of that class. of that class is possible. public class A public sealed class A { { private class B } { public class B : A //ERROR } { B b = new B(); } } public class C { A.B b = new A.B(); // ERROR } The main use of Private class is to create The sealed classes are mainly used to a user-defined type, which we want to be prevent inheritance features of object accessible to that class only. oriented programming. Private class(i.e private constructor) is also used to implement singleton classes(pattern). Singleton means "A single-instance object, and it simplify complex code. Singletons have a static property that we must access to get the object reference." Difference between Static Class and Sealed Class Static Class Sealed Class We can neither create their instances, We can create their instances, but cannot nor inherit them inherit them They can have static members only. They can contain static as well as nonstatic members. ex: ex: static class Program
- 3. { sealed class demo { } } class abc:demo { --Wrong } Static classes are used when a class The sealed classes are mainly used to provides functionality that is not specific prevent inheritance features of object to any unique instance. oriented programming. Difference between Virtual method and Abstract method Feature Virtual method Abstract method Overriding Virtual method may or may An abstract method should be not override by inherited class. overriden by inherited class. i.e.,Virtual method provide i.e.,Abstract method forces the derived class with the the derived class to option of overriding it. override it. Virtual = = Overridable abstract == MustOverride Implementation Virtual method has an Abstract method does not implementation. provide an implementation. Necessity to Virtual methods allow Abstract methods in a Implement subclasses to provide their class contain no method own implementation of that body, and are implicitly method using the override virtual keyword Scope Virtual methods scope to Abstract method's scope to members only. members and classes Instancing Virtual methods - Not Abstract method - direcly applicable, as we can't NO, but other way, Yes. create instance for We can create an instance members, it is possible only of a class that derives from with classes. an abstract class. And we can declare a type Abstract class and instantiate that as a derived class.
- 4. Example: public abstract class Test { public abstract void A(); // Abstract method public virtual void B() { Console.WriteLine("Test.B"); } // Virtual Method } public class InheritedTest : Test { public override void A() { Console.WriteLine("InheritedTest.A"); } //Method B implementation is optional public override void B() { Console.WriteLine("InheritedTest.B"); } } Difference between Class and Static Class Class Static Class Class has Instance Members Static class does not have Instance Members In Class, Constructor has Access In Static Class, Constructor does not Specifier. have Access Specifier. In Class Constructor, initiation is done In Static Class ,Constructor will be every time when an object is created called only one time . for the class In Class, Class members can be In Static Class, members can be accessed through class object. accessed through its Class name only
- 5. Difference between Method Overloading and Method overriding in C# Method Overloading Method overriding Method Overloading is passing same Method Overriding is redifining parent message for different functionality class function to the child class Method Overloading is between the Method Overriding is between the same same function name with the different method. signature Method Overloading does not check for Method Overriding checks the return the return type. type. Method Overloading takes place in the Method Overriding takes place between same class. parent and child classes Method Overloading is static binding Method Overriding is a dynamic binding.