Open Data Vorlesung 2015: Aid Transparency und Open Aid

Vorlesung Open Data:
Aid Transparency und Open Aid
Termin 8, 16. April 2015
Dr. Matthias Stürmer und Prof. Dr. Thomas Myrach
Universität Bern, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
Abteilung Informationsmanagement
Forschungsstelle Digitale Nachhaltigkeit

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Vorlesung Open Data > 08: Aid Transparency und Open Aid
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16. April 2015
Vorlesung
1. Aid Transparency, Open Aid
2. Gastreferat von Catherine Graf Lutz, Leiterin
Fachstelle Statistik, EDA, Departement für
Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit (DEZA),
Begleitet von Flavien Breitenmoser (DEZA):
Anwendung und Herausforderung von IATI
(International Aid Transparency Initiative)
Übung
1. Datenaktualisierung und Transitionen
2. Programming Coaching bei der Studierenden-App

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Opendata.ch Konferenz
Nationale Open Data Konferenz mit Plenum und Fachsessions
Mittwoch, 1. Juli 2015 im Hauptgebäude der Universität Bern
> Gratis-Tickets für alle Teilnehmende der Open Data Vorlesung
> Open Data Hack Room von 9h bis 17h im Raum 105 (HG)
— 15 Tische mit ca. 50 Sitzplätzen, einmal pro Stunde App-Demo,
— Eigene App weiterentwickeln, Networking mit anderen Entwicklern,
Unternehmern, möglichen Arbeitgebern etc.
— Free Food, Getränke, Strom und Internet
— Anmeldung bis 15. Juni 2015 bei mirjam.laederach@iwi.unibe.ch

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Agenda
1. Einführung Aid Transparency und Open Data
2. International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI)
3. Open Aid Plattformen von Schweden, Niederlanden, UK und UNDP
4. Weitere Aid Transparency Initiativen

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Challenges with Intransparent Aid Data
1. Challenges for donor governments:
> Donor governments don’t know what
other donors are spending or planning
to spend.
> This is leading to the duplication of
efforts in some areas and
underfunding in others.
> Without aid transparency, donors
cannot coordinate to achieve the
maximum impact with their scarce
resources.
Quelle: The Problem http://www.publishwhatyoufund.org/issue/problem/

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2. Challenges for recipient governments:
> Recipient governments struggle to know
how much aid is invested in their country,
let alone where and how it is spent.
> When donors don’t publish their spending
plans, this impedes the recipient’s ability to
plan long term projects, which in turn
hinders development.
> When recipients can’t include aid flows in
their budgets and planning, it is hard for
parliament and civil society to hold them
to account.

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3. Challenges for civil society:
> Civil society, including NGOs,
legislators and citizens, have the right to
know what aid is coming into the country
and what it’s being spent on.
> More and better information about aid
will increase the incentive to improve
the effectiveness of aid
and fulfill taxpayers’ need to know that
money is being well spent.

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Conclusion:
> Knowing what is being spent where, by
whom, and with what results is the
basic foundation for increasing aid
effectiveness.
> “48% of Rwanda’s national budget comes
from donors. Our home revenues cannot
handle every citizen’s concerns, but good
governance and transparency requires
funds to be allocated according to our
needs.” – Alexis Nkurunziza, Collective
Leagues and Associations of Defense of
Human Rights

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There’s lots of
information available but it’s...
Different formats Hard to find Not current
Not
comprehensive
Inconsistent In multiple
locations
Not forward
looking
Not comparable
Quelle: http://www.aidtransparency.net/resources/speakers-kit

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IATI enables organisations to publish
data that is...
Quelle: http://www.aidtransparency.net/resources/speakers-kit
In a standardised
format
Updated
Regularly
From a range of
actors
All in one place Forward looking Comparable

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Aid Transparency
> IATI satisfies four pillars of transparent aid,
ensuring data is published in a manner that is:
1. Timely
2. Comprehensive
3. Accessible
4. Comparable
> These are all crucial, as only then can donor aid
spending be mapped and properly aligned with the
recipient country’s domestic budget.
Quelle: The Transparency Solution http://www.publishwhatyoufund.org/issue/transparency-solution/

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Agenda

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Make Aid Transparent
Quelle: https://vimeo.com/24621998

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About IATI
> International Aid Transparency Initiative
(IATI) is a voluntary, multi-stakeholder
initiative that seeks to improve the
transparency of aid, development, and
humanitarian resources in order to increase
their effectiveness in tackling poverty.
> IATI brings together donor and
recipient countries, civil society
organisations, and other experts in aid
information who are committed to working
together to increase the transparency and
openness of aid.
Quelle: About IATI http://www.aidtransparency.net/about

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IATI Standard
> At the centre of IATI is the IATI Standard, a
format and framework for publishing data on
development cooperation activities, intended to
be used by all organisations in development,
including government donors, private sector
organisations, and national and international
NGOs.
> Organisations implement IATI by publishing
their aid information in IATI’s agreed electronic
format (XML) – usually on their website – before
linking it to the IATI Registry. The Registry acts
as an online catalogue and index of links to all
of the raw data published to the IATI Standard.
Quelle: About IATI http://www.aidtransparency.net/about

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Problems in current aid data
Information on development cooperation is already available, but
can be problematic to use. Data from various sources is often:
> In different, sometimes incompatible, formats, making it
difficult to mash up datasets
> Difficult to find on various aid management systems
> Out of date
> Using inconsistent vocabularies, definitions, and
measures
> Inconsistencies in the way in which elements or fields are
being reported or measured
> Not all accessible from a single source
> Mostly not forward-looking, reporting past activity only
> Restricted largely to traditional bilateral and multilateral
donors, creating an incomplete picture of development
Quelle: How IATI differs from other standards http://www.aidtransparency.net/about/iati-standard

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Solution with IATI
IATI has been designed to enable all organisations to:
> Publish in the same format as other organizations, so
datasets from various sources can be easily combined
> Update their data on a monthly, quarterly, or six-monthly
basis, to keep information as current as possible
> Publish data using a flexible standard, regardless of the
kind of development cooperation provider
> Publish in one central location. The IATI Registry
provides links to the data published by all organisations
using the IATI Standard
> Provide, where possible, forward-looking information,
enabling developing country governments to plan and
budget more clearly and comprehensively
Quelle: How IATI differs from other standards http://www.aidtransparency.net/about/iati-standard

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IATI Development Toolkit
Quelle: Open Aid: Neue Wege der Transparenz, Partizipation und Kooperation in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
http://opus.kobv.de/zlb/volltexte/2015/25248/pdf/TOGI_140826_TOGI_Band_9_Rinke_Open_Aid_V1.pdf

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IATI XML Standard
Quelle: Example Usage XML http://iatistandard.org/201/organisation-standard/example-xml/

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Agenda

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Sweden Open Aid Portal
www.openaid.se

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About the Swedish Open Aid Portal
> The goal is to fight poverty as effectively as possible. To achieve this
goal, aid has to be open to public control and ideas from more
sources.
> In 2010, a transparency guarantee was introduced to Swedish
development assistance. The guarantee means that public
documentation and information about Swedish aid are actively made
available on the Web. The website for this is Openaid.se, a web-based
information service about Swedish aid built on open government data.
> Parts of the aid information are subject to confidentiality and
therefore excluded from publication on Openaid.se. This is because
cooperative partners and individuals may be harmed by its publication.
Quelle: About Openaid.se http://www.openaid.se/about/

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Netherlands Open Aid Portal
www.openaid.nl

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About the Dutch Open Aid Portal
> This platform extracts all the raw IATI data published by the
organisations publishing IATI from the IATI registry, and presents it on
the platform by providing an easy-to-use web interface.
> Transparency of development aid enhances the effectiveness and
quality of development aid. Governments of developing countries
are able to plan better when they have access to accurate and up-to-
date information about aid flows into their countries.
> Citizens in developing countries can hold their governments
accountable for the spending of aid. The Dutch public gets a better
picture of how public money is spent.
> The value of open data is greatly increased if it can be compared and
added up internationally. The International Aid Transparancy
Initiative (IATI) aims to do just that – to develop an international
standard for the publication of aid data.
Quelle: About http://www.openaid.nl/about/

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UK Open Aid Portal
devtracker.dfid.gov.uk

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About the UK Open Aid Portal
> The Development Tracker allows you to find and explore detailed
information on international development projects funded by the UK
Government.
> The tracker is built using open data published by UK Government
and partners, using the International Aid Transparency Initiative
(IATI) standard.
> The site also contains an API (application programming
interface) enabling developers to retrieve the data in JSON format.
> The source code for the Development Tracker is available at
GitHub.com/dfid so that others can freely re-use or even contribute
to the code.
Quelle: About http://devtracker.dfid.gov.uk/about/

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United Nations Development Programme
UNDP Open Aid Portal
> http://open.undp.org

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Content of Open.undp.org
> Open.undp.org presents UNDP’s 6,000+ development projects
and 8,000 outputs in 177 countries and territories worldwide.
> It represents UNDP’s commitment to publish comprehensive,
quality and timely information about aid flows and results.
> Open.undp.org is a component of our implementation of the
International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) to which
UNDP is a signatory.
> Open.undp.org enables users to find project information
categorized broadly by location, funding source, and focus
areas, and drill down for comprehensive project data, including
budget, expenditure, completion status, implementing organization,
contribution to gender equality, project documents, and more.
Quelle: Open.undp.org http://open.undp.org/#about/open

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Legal and Technical Aspects
> All data in open.undp.org can be used free of charge in compliance
with the Creative Commons' Attribution License (CC-BY).
> You can download data in IATI XML, CSV, and JSON formats, as
a whole database or for individual countries, regions, or sectors.
> You can download a snippet of code to embed in your website
and to visually depict data subsets (look for the "Embed" button).
> For developers, data is available as an
API (JSON). A Web API is a way for other
web sites to access data directly. It is the
interface of choice for creating custom
data visualizations, live combinations with
other data sources, and more.
Quelle: Using Open.undp.org http://open.undp.org/#about/usage

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Agenda

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Publish What You Fund
www.publishwhatyoufund.org

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Aid Transparency Index 2013:
Schweiz schneidet sehr schlecht ab!
Quelle: http://ati.publishwhatyoufund.org/index-2013/results/

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Schweiz schneidet sehr schlecht ab!
Quelle: http://ati.publishwhatyoufund.org/donor/switzerland/

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Schweiz ist sehr viel besser
Quelle: http://ati.publishwhatyoufund.org/index-2014/results/

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Schweiz ist sehr viel besser

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Aid Transparency Index 2013
> "The Swiss government launched an open data portal –
opendata.admin.ch – in September 2013 but the portal is yet to
include information on its development cooperation spending.
Switzerland has not joined OGP."
> RECOMMENDATIONS
— Switzerland should join IATI and aim to begin publishing to the IATI
standard in 2014. It should update its common standard
implementation schedule by early 2014, to include plans for full
implementation of IATI by the end of 2015.
— SDC should make information on its aid activities available through the
government’s open data portal.
— Switzerland should consider joining OGP. This would be an
opportunity to share best practice in open data and open government
approaches with peers in the development community and with
partners who receive Swiss aid.
Quelle: http://newati.publishwhatyoufund.org/2013/donor/switzerland/

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Aid Transparency Index 2014
> "Switzerland scores 53.8%, a 36 percentage point increase on its
score in 2013, making it the biggest improver in 2014.”
> RECOMMENDATIONS
— Switzerland should work to improve its publication to IATI so it is
comprehensive and uses all fields, including forward-looking budgets,
sub-national location data, links to project documents and results data.
It should publish a more complete organisation file, including
organisation planning documents.
— It should update its implementation schedule so it is ambitious and
includes specific timelines and delivery targets, aiming towards full
publication of the IATI Standard by the end of 2015.
— Switzerland should join OGP. This would be an opportunity to share
best practice in open data and open government approaches.

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Road to 2015
www.roadto2015.org

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Open Aid Partnership OAP
www.openaidmap.org
"The Open Aid Partnership
(OAP) brings together
development partners,
governments, civil society
organizations, foundations, and
the private sector to improve aid
transparency and effectiveness.
The OAP's goal is to collect and
open up local development data
to engage citizens and other
stakeholders in evidence-based
conversations on development."

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aidinfo
www.aidinfo.org

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AidData
www.aiddata.org

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