Open Science and Data Sharing - CERF
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This presentation discusses open science, knowledge sharing, and the commons. It addresses making sharing easy, legal and scalable through an integrated approach. Key challenges discussed include ensuring content is legally and technically accessible, dealing with semantic disagreements, navigating different legal implementations around knowledge sharing, and addressing "rights" issues with licensing frameworks for data. The presentation advocates for a norms-based approach through principles rather than licenses to create legal zones of certainty and promote interoperability.
Open Science and Data Sharing - CERF
- 1. open science and data sharing kaitlin thaney program manager, science commons portland, oregon - CERF / SalDAWG - 4 nov 2009 This presentation is licensed under the CreativeCommons-Attribution-3.0 license.
- 2. xi. open science, knowledge sharing, and the commons
- 3. make sharing easy, legal and scalable integrated approach building part of the infrastructure for knowledge sharing
- 4. access is step one content needs to be legally and technically accessible
- 5. indexing, translation, redistribution: disallowed
- 6. “ By open access to the literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.” Image from the Public Library of Science, licensed to the public, under CC-BY-3.0
- 7. “The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.”
- 10. don’t forget about the physical tools UBMTA SLA SCMTA
- 11. knowledge? journal articles data ontologies annotations plasmids and cell lines
- 12. knowledge? journal articles data ontologies annotations plasmids and cell lines ... how to treat? like content? software?
- 13. early days of WWW no licenses (even free) debate over code CERN’s decision view/edit source network effects
- 14. the data web
- 15. as a means to achieve Open Access but what about data?
- 16. 1. three layers of resistance: technical, semantic, legal save legal for last ...
- 17. “read 189,000 papers” is not the ideal answer.
- 18. DRD1, 1812 adenylate cyclase activation ADRB2, 154 adenylate cyclase activation ADRB2, 154 arrestin mediated desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD1IP, 50632 dopamine receptor signaling pathway DRD1, 1812 dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase activating pathway DRD2, 1813 dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway GRM7, 2917 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway GNG3, 2785 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway GNG12, 55970 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD2, 1813 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway ADRB2, 154 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway CALM3, 808 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway HTR2A, 3356 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD1, 1812 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger SSTR5, 6755 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger MTNR1A, 4543 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger CNR2, 1269 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger HTR6, 3362 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger GRIK2, 2898 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN1, 2902 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN2A, 2903 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN2B, 2904 glutamate signaling pathway ADAM10, 102 integrin-mediated signaling pathway GRM7, 2917 negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity LRP1, 4035 negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway ADAM10, 102 Notch receptor processing ASCL1, 429 Notch signaling pathway HTR2A, 3356 serotonin receptor signaling pathway ADRB2, 154 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activation (dimerization) PTPRG, 5793 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway EPHA4, 2043 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway NRTN, 4902 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway CTNND1, 1500 Wnt receptor signaling pathway `
- 19. technical
- 21. semantic agreement is hard.
- 24. espresso coffee cafe kopi cafezinho latte koffee mocha americano
- 25. “choice” or interoperability. (pick one)
- 26. converge on common names “coffee” “cafe” coffee “kopi” http://ontology.foo.org/1234567
- 30. better answers through better formats: Mesh: Pyramidal Neurons select ?gene_name ?process_name where Pubmed: Journal Articles { PropertyValue(?pubmed_record, ?p, mesh:D017966) PropertyValue(?article, sc:identified_by_pmid , ?pubmed_record) PropertyValue(?gene_record, sc:describes_gene_or_gene_product_mentioned_by, ?article) SubClassOf(?protein, some(ro:has_function, some(ro:realized_as, ?process))) SubClassOf(?process, or(go:GO_0007166, some(ro:part_of, go:GO_0007166)) Entrez Gene: Genes SubClassOf(?protein, some(sc:is_protein_gene_product_of_dna_described_by,?gene_record)) Annotation(?gene_record,rdfs:label,{?gene_name}) } Annotation(?process,rdfs:label,?process_name) GO: Signal Transduction
- 31. DRD1, 1812 adenylate cyclase activation ADRB2, 154 adenylate cyclase activation ADRB2, 154 arrestin mediated desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD1IP, 50632 dopamine receptor signaling pathway DRD1, 1812 dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase activating pathway DRD2, 1813 dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway GRM7, 2917 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway GNG3, 2785 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway GNG12, 55970 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD2, 1813 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway ADRB2, 154 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway CALM3, 808 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway HTR2A, 3356 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway DRD1, 1812 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger SSTR5, 6755 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger MTNR1A, 4543 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger CNR2, 1269 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger HTR6, 3362 G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger GRIK2, 2898 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN1, 2902 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN2A, 2903 glutamate signaling pathway GRIN2B, 2904 glutamate signaling pathway ADAM10, 102 integrin-mediated signaling pathway GRM7, 2917 negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity LRP1, 4035 negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway ADAM10, 102 Notch receptor processing ASCL1, 429 Notch signaling pathway HTR2A, 3356 serotonin receptor signaling pathway ADRB2, 154 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activation (dimerization) PTPRG, 5793 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway EPHA4, 2043 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway NRTN, 4902 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway CTNND1, 1500 Wnt receptor signaling pathway `
- 32. turn ugly query code into a link http://hcls1.csail.mit.edu:8890/sparql/?query=prefix%20go%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fobo%2Fowl%2FGO%23%3E %0Aprefix%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0Aprefix%20owl%3A %20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2002%2F07%2Fowl%23%3E%0Aprefix%20mesh%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org %2Fcommons%2Frecord%2Fmesh%2F%3E%0Aprefix%20sc%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fscience%2Fowl %2Fsciencecommons%2F%3E%0Aprefix%20ro%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.obofoundry.org%2Fro%2Fro.owl%23%3E%0A %0Aselect%20%3Fgenename%20%3Fprocessname%0Awhere%0A%7B%20%20graph%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org %2Fcommons%2Fhcls%2Fpubmesh%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7B%20%3Fpaper%20%3Fp%20mesh%3AD017966%20.%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Farticle%20sc%3Aidentified_by_pmid%20%3Fpaper.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fgene %20sc%3Adescribes_gene_or_gene_product_mentioned_by%20%3Farticle.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20graph %20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fcommons%2Fhcls%2Fgoa%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7B%20%3Fprotein%20rdfs %3AsubClassOf%20%3Fres.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fres%20owl%3AonProperty%20ro%3Ahas_function.%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fres%20owl%3AsomeValuesFrom%20%3Fres2.%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fres2%20owl%3AonProperty%20ro%3Arealized_as.%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fres2%20owl%3AsomeValuesFrom%20%3Fprocess.%0A%20%20%20graph%20%3Chttp%3A%2F %2Fpurl.org%2Fcommons%2Fhcls%2F20070416%2Fclassrelations%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7B%7B%3Fprocess%20%3Chttp %3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fobo%2Fowl%2Fobo%23part_of%3E%20go%3AGO_0007166%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20union %0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7B%3Fprocess%20rdfs%3AsubClassOf%20go%3AGO_0007166%20%7D%7D%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fprotein%20rdfs%3AsubClassOf%20%3Fparent.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fparent %20owl%3AequivalentClass%20%3Fres3.%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Fres3%20owl%3AhasValue%20%3Fgene.%0A %20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20graph%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fcommons%2Fhcls%2Fgene%3E%0A %20%20%20%20%20%7B%20%3Fgene%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3Fgenename%20%7D%0A%20%20%20graph%20%3Chttp%3A %2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fcommons%2Fhcls%2F20070416%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%7B%20%3Fprocess%20rdfs%3Alabel %20%3Fprocessname%7D%0A%7D&format=&maxrows=50
- 35. social barriers: protection instinct / culture of control quality control, integrity concerns “my data”, interpretation issues fear, uncertainty, doubt (FUD)
- 36. 3. the data “rights” conundrum...
- 39. is it creative?
- 40. is it creative?
- 41. is it creative?
- 42. category errors
- 43. the problem of... Non-Commercial for data
- 44. Non-Commercial what’s a commercial use of the data web?
- 45. the problem of... Share Alike for data
- 46. 1854
- 47. issue of license proliferation whatever you do to the least of the databases, you do to the integrated system (the most restrictive wins) risk for unintended consequences
- 48. the problem of... Attribution for data
- 51. the problem of... any license for data
- 52. national law / jurisdiction-based hurdles sui generis, “sweat of the brow” Crown copyright “level of skill” how internat’l data sharing efforts are affected?
- 53. attribution vs. citation which one applies? which is best fit? what’s the difference? “credit where credit is due”
- 54. attribution: (legal entity) “triggered by making of a copy” does it apply to facts? how to attribute? (papers, ontologies, data) “in a manner specified by ...” attribution stacking
- 55. citation: (gentle(wo)man’s club) legal requirement? interoperability? credit where credit is due entrenched scientific norm
- 56. we shouldn’t use the law to make it hard to do the wrong thing ...
- 57. need for a legally accurate and simple solution reducing or eliminating the need to make the distinction of what’s protected requires modular, standards based approach to licensing
- 62. ... must promote legal predictability and certainty. ... must be easy to use and understand. ... must impose the lowest possible transaction costs on users. full text: http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/
- 63. norms approach set of principles (not license) open, accessible, interoperable create legal zones of certainty
- 64. calls for data providers to waive all rights necessary for data extraction and re-use requires provider place no additional obligations (like share-alike) to limit downstream use request behavior (like attribution) through norms and terms of use
- 70. 4. at best, we’re partially right. at worst, we’re really wrong.
- 71. infrastructure for a data web the digital commons law + content + technology + community
- 72. data without structure and annotation is a lost opportunity. data should flow in an open, public, and extensible infrastructure support recombination and reconfiguration into computer models, queryable by search engine treated as public good
- 73. resist the temptation to treat as property embrace the potential to treat instead as a network resource
- 74. the right to fix our mistakes.
- 75. thank you. kaitlin@creativecommons.org sciencecommons.org creativecommons.org slideshare.net/kaythaney