1) OpenID is a decentralized standard for user authentication on the web that allows users to sign in to multiple websites using a single digital identity. 2) With OpenID, a user's identity is represented by a URL rather than a username and password. This URL can be the user's blog, profile page, or identity page and allows them to assert ownership and tie together profiles across sites. 3) OpenID addresses common problems on the web by reducing signup overhead, allowing users to prove account ownership through APIs, and providing a unique identifier that can create a portable social graph not tied to any single authority.