Orders of columns
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of three classical Greek architectural orders - Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The Doric order has columns 6-7 times the lower diameter without a base. It has 20 flutes and a capital with an abacus and echinus. The Ionic order is 9 times the diameter with a two-part base and 24 flutes. It is known for its distinctive volute capital. The Corinthian order is 10 times the diameter with a two-part Ionic-style base, 24 flutes, and a unique capital decorated with acanthus leaves.
Orders of columns
- 1. ORDERS OF COLUMNS DORIC ORDER: Height of the column is 6-7 times its lower diameter “D” The column has no base but stands directly on a platform of three steps called crepidoma. The bottom part is called plinth (stereobate) the middle, dado or die and the top one, the stylobate, each part being ¼ ‘D’ in height The shaft in its length is divided into 20 flutes i.e. elliptical channels or grooves, separated by sharp projections or ‘Arises’. The capital consists of ‘Abacus’ and ‘Echinus’. The abacus is a square block. The echinus has a varying outline. Below the echinus. There are horizontal fillets 3-5 in numbers called ‘Annulets’ which break the vertical lines of arises.
- 2. IONIC ORDER: The column has a base. The column height is 9 times the lower diameter The column has a base... The base consists of upper and lower torus is separated by scotia and fillets.
- 3. The circular shaft has 24 flutes separated by fillets and not by arrises as in Doric order The ionic order is remarkable for its volute or capital or decorative motif The capital has a pair of volutes both on the front and the back of the column. In between the volutes is necking enriched with ornaments separating the capital from fluted shaft.
- 4. CORINTHIAN ORDER: The column including base, shaft and capital is about 10 times its lower diameter in height. The base is similar like Ionic order with its upper and lower torus separated by scotia. The shaft has 24 flutes separated by fillets It has a distinctive capital Usual type of capital contains rows of acanthus leaves