OSH/TYPES OF HAZARDS
- 1. I. PHILIPPINE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS
- 2. Occupational Safety and Health is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work. The goal of all occupational safety and health programs is to foster a safe work environment.
- 3. The Occupation Safety and Health Center in the country is established by Executive order No. 307. The implementing rules and regulations are issued by the Employees Compensation Commission (ECC).
- 4. These Implementing Rules and Regulations are issued pursuant to the authority of the Employees Compensation Commission (ECC) under Section 8 of Executive Order No. 307 establishing the Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC).
- 5. The main objectives of the OSC are follows:
- 6. 1. prevent, eliminate or reduce work- related injuries, illnesses and deaths
- 7. 2. implement effectively occupational health and safety programs that will promote the health, efficiency and general well-being of the Filipino workers.
- 8. 3. maintain an expert intelligence and training center for industrial disease and occupational safety
- 9. II. HAZARDS AND RISKS AND ITS EFFECTS
- 10. Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property, or environment.
- 11. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an incident. Hazard and vulnerability interact together to create risk.
- 13. Dormant The situation has the potential to be hazardous, but no people, property, or environment is currently affected by this.
- 14. Armed People, property, or environment are in potential harm's way.
- 15. Active A harmful incident involving the hazard has actually occurred. Often this is referred to not as an "active hazard" but as an accident, emergency, incident, or disaster.
- 16. TYPES OF HAZARDS
- 17. 1. Biological A biological hazard is one originating from an organism that is foreign to the organism being affected Many biological hazards are associated with food, including certain viruses, parasites, fungi, bacteria, and plant and seafood toxins. The hazards from these bacteria can be avoided through risk mitigation steps such as proper handling, storing, and cooking of food.
- 18. 2. Chemical Some chemicals occur naturally in certain geological formations, such as radon gas or arsenic. Other chemicals include products with commercial uses, such as agricultural and industrial chemicals, as well as products developed for home use. Pesticides, which are normally used to control unwanted insects and plants, may cause a variety of negative effects on non-target organisms.
- 19. 3. Mechanical is any hazard involving a machine or process. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air bags pose mechanical hazards. Compressed gases or liquids can also be considered a mechanical hazard.
- 20. 4. Physical is a naturally occurring process that has the potential to create loss or damage. Physical hazards include, but are not limited to, earthquakes, floods, and tornadoes. Physical hazards often have both human and natural elements. Another physical hazard, X-rays, are naturally occurring from solar radiation, but have been utilized by humans for medical purposes; however, overexposure can lead to cancer, skin burns, and tissue damage.
- 21. 5. Ergonomic It is a physical factor within the environment that harms the musculoskeletal system. Ergonomic hazards include uncomfortable workstation height and poor body positioning. Ergonomic hazards are caused by poorly designed workplaces or processes.