Outer planet
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The document summarizes key facts about the outer planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. It describes their sizes, compositions, notable moons and orbital properties. Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. Uranus and Neptune contain more ices and are sometimes called ice giants. Pluto is much smaller and composed of rock and frozen water. The largest moons include Ganymede, Titan and Triton. Their orbits vary in distance and period around the Sun.
Outer planet
- 2. OBJECTIVES THE OUTER PLANETS ARE JUPITER, SATURN,URANUS, NEPTUNE, PLUTO. JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS, AND NEPTUNE (ALSO CALLED THE JOVIAN PLANETS) ARE MUCH LARGER THAN THE EARTH THE ARE RICH IN HYDROGEN GAS AND/OR ITS COMPOUNDS, SUCH AS WATER, METHANE,AND AMMONIA.
- 3. …………………………. THEY HAVE DEEP, THICK ATMOSPHERES AND NO SOLID SURFACE. THEY HAVE MANY MOONS AND RINGS. PLUTO IS FAR SMALLER AND HAS VERY DIFFERENT STRUCTURE THAN OTHER OUTER PLANETS. IT IS A MIX OF MAINLY ROCK AND FROẒEN WATER.
- 6. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. Jupiter is classified as a gas giant along with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
- 7. Together, these four planets are sometimes referred to as the Jovian or outer planets The Romans named the planet after the Roman god Jupiter. Jupiter can reach unapparent magnitude of −2.94, bright enough to cast shadows
- 8. Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen with a quarter of its mass being helium. It may also have a rocky core of heavier elements, but like the other gas giants, Jupiter lacks a well-defined solid surface.
- 9. Orbit and rotation Jupiter is the only planet that has a center of mass with the Sun that lies outside the volume of the Sun, though by only 7% of the Sun's radius. The average distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778 million km There are also at least 67 moons, including the four large moons called the Galilean moons that were first discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610.
- 11. Ganymede, the largest of these moons, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.
- 13. SATURN
- 14. SATURN is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. Saturn is a gas giant with an average radius about nine times that Of Earth. Saturn's interior is probably composed of a core of iron, nickel and rock, surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, an intermediate layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium and an outer gaseous layer.
- 15. The planet exhibits a pale yellow hue due to ammonia crystals in its upper atmosphere. Sixty-two known moons orbit the planet; fifty-three are officially named. This does not include the hundreds of "moonlets" within the rings. Titan, Saturn's largest and the Solar System's second largest moon, is larger than the planet Mercury and is the only moon in the Solar System to retain a substantial atmosphere.
- 16. Orbit and rotation The average distance between Saturn and the Sun is over 1.4 billion kilometer's (9 AU). With an average orbital speed of 9.69 km/s, it takes Saturn 10,759 Earth days (or about 29½ years), to finish one revolution around the Sun. The elliptical orbit of Saturn is inclined 2.48° relative to the orbital plane of the Earth.
- 17. Titan (or Saturn VI) is the largest moon of Saturn.
- 19. URANUS
- 20. Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. astronomers sometimes place them in a separate category called "ice giants". Saturn's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium, contains more "ices" such as water ,ammonia, and methane, along with traces of hydrocarbons.
- 21. It is the coldest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System, with a minimum temperature of 49 K . It is the only planet whose name is derived from a figure from Greek mythology The wind speeds on Uranus can reach 250 meters per second (900 km/h, 560 mph).
- 22. ORBIT AND ROTATION Uranus revolves around the Sun once every 84 Earth years. Its average distance from the Sun is roughly 3 billion km (about 20 AU). The intensity of sunlight on Uranus is about 1/400 that on Earth. Its orbital elements were first calculated in 1783 by Pierre-Simon Laplace.
- 24. NEPTUNE
- 25. Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third-largest by mass. Among the gaseous planets in the solar system, Neptune is the most dense.
- 26. Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Neptune was subsequently observed on 23 September 1846 its largest moon , Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining 13 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century.
- 27. Triton is the largest moon of the planet Neptune
- 28. ORBIT AND ROTATION The average distance between Neptune and the Sun is4.50 billion km (about 30.1 AU) It completes an orbit on average every 164.79 years, subject to a variability of around ±0.1 years. The elliptical orbit of Neptune is inclined 1.77° compared to the Earth. Because of an eccentricity of 0.011.
- 30. PLUTO
- 31. Pluto Pluto, formal designation 134340 Pluto, is the second-most-massive known dwarf planet in the Solar System(after Eris) and the tenth-most-massive body observed directly orbiting the Sun. Originally classified as the ninth planet from the Sun.
- 32. PLUTO Pluto is composed primarily of rock and ice and is relatively small, approximately one-sixth the mass of the Earth's Moon and one-third its volume.
- 33. NEW UPDATE OF PLUTO Pluto has been called "an oddball little planet," "the misfit of the solar system", and "an elusive outcast.“ Pluto lies on what we consider the edge of the solar system. Today, it's a neglected little oddity in a too distant orbit. Someday, it may be a busy spaceport, gateway to the stars, and rich with tourist dollars.