This document discusses challenges in developing open-source software for cloud computing through collaborative projects. It describes two types of platform-as-a-service (PaaS) models and notes that open-source allows increased customization for some services but not full deployment control. Several European Union-funded projects are outlined that aimed to create open-source cloud middleware and address issues like licensing, standards, copyright and community building beyond the initial groups. Potential benefits of open-source PaaS include avoiding vendor lock-in, improving portability and lowering costs.
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