Parallelism
- 1. Parallel Structure Prepared by Karen Lee
- 2. What does it mean if something is parallel?
- 3. How about in writing? It is a balance or pattern within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure.
- 4. Why is it necessary in writing? Improves readability Increases understanding Introduces rhythm
- 5. How is it done? Single words should be balanced with single words, phrases with phrases, clauses with clauses. Example: A kiss can be a comma, a question mark, or an exclamation point. (nouns) This novel is not to be tossed lightly aside, but to be hurled with great force. (phrases/infinitives) In matters of principle, stand like a rock; in matters of taste, swim with the current. (clauses)
- 6. Where is it done? Noun Abused children commonly exhibit one or more of the following symptoms: withdrawal, rebelliousness, and depression. Verbs In preparation for the party, we purchased the favors, cleaned the house, and prepared the food. Adjectives The student is punctual, studious, and polite. Adverbs Alison respectfully and politely asked to be excused from the meeting. Prepositions I looked for my cell phone everywhere. I looked under my bed, in my purse, and in my car.
- 7. Examples - Series LP: Hooked on romance novels, I learned that nothing is more important than being rich, looking good, and to have a good time. P: Hooked on romance novels, I learned that nothing is more important than being rich, looking good, and having a good time. Using –ing forms in each part
- 8. Examples - Series LP: After assuring us that he was sober, Sam drove down the middle of the road, ran one red light, and two stop signs. P: After assuring us that he was sober, Sam drove down the middle of the road, ran one red light, and went through two stop signs. Using a verb in each part
- 9. Examples – Pairs LP: At Lincoln H.S., vandalism can result in suspension or even being expelled from school. P: At Lincoln H.S., vandalism can result in suspension or expulsion from school. Using 2 nouns
- 10. Examples - Clarification LP: Many hooked smokers try switching to a brand they find distasteful or a low tar and nicotine cigarette. P: Many hooked smokers try switching to a brand they find distasteful or to a low tar and nicotine cigarette. Adding the preposition to help the reader