Understanding parallel structures
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This document discusses parallel structure, which is the repetition of a grammatical form within a sentence when comparing items or ideas. By using the same grammatical pattern for each compared element, parallel structure is created. Examples are provided to demonstrate parallel versus non-parallel structures. The document also outlines how to use parallel structure when connecting phrases with coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, words of comparison, and in lists. Revising sentences and choosing the option with correct parallel structure is practiced. Sources for further information on parallel structure are listed.
Understanding parallel structures
- 3. What is Parallel Structure?
- 4. What is Parallel Structure? Parallel structure is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. By making each compared item or idea in your sentence follow the same grammatical pattern, you create a parallel construction.
- 5. What is Parallel Structure? Example: • Ellen likes hiking, the rodeo, and to take afternoon naps.
- 6. What is Parallel Structure? Example: • Ellen likes hiking, the rodeo, and to take afternoon naps.
- 7. What is Parallel Structure? Example: • Ellen likes hiking, attending the rodeo, and taking afternoon naps.
- 8. What is Parallel Structure? Example: • Ellen likes to hike, attend the rodeo, and take afternoon naps.
- 9. Revise the following sentences into correct parallel structure. 1. Every morning, we make our bed, eating breakfast and feed the dog. 2. Joe likes running, walking and outdoor activities. 3. We enjoy relaxing and like to sit out in the sun.
- 10. Using Parallel Structure with Coordinating Conjunction • When you connect two or more clauses or phrases with a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so), use parallel structure.
- 11. Using Parallel Structure with Coordinating Conjunction • When you connect two or more clauses or phrases with a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so), use parallel structure. Example: • My best friend took me dancing and to a show.
- 12. Using Parallel Structure with Coordinating Conjunction • When you connect two or more clauses or phrases with a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so), use parallel structure. Example: • My best friend took me dancing and to a show. • My best friend took me to a dance and a show.
- 13. Using Parallel Structure with Corelative Conjunction • When you connect two clauses or phrases with a correlative conjunction (not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, if…then, etc.), use parallel structure. Example: • My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chase cars.
- 14. Using Parallel Structure with Corelative Conjunction • When you connect two clauses or phrases with a correlative conjunction (not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, if…then, etc.), use parallel structure. Example: • My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chase cars. • My dog not only likes to play fetch, but he also likes to chase cars.
- 15. Using Parallel Structure with Phrases or Clauses of Comparison • When you connect two clauses or phrases with a word of comparison, such as than or as, use parallel structure Example: • I would rather pay for my education than financial aid.
- 16. Using Parallel Structure with Phrases or Clauses of Comparison • When you connect two clauses or phrases with a word of comparison, such as than or as, use parallel structure Example: • I would rather pay for my education than financial aid. • I would rather pay for my education than receive financial aid.
- 17. Using Parallel Structure with Lists • When you are comparing items in a list, use parallel structure. Example: • John Taylor Gatto criticizes public schools because they are compulsory, funded by the government, and destroy students' humanity.
- 18. Using Parallel Structure with Lists • When you are comparing items in a list, use parallel structure. Example: • John Taylor Gatto criticizes public schools because they are compulsory, funded by the government, and destroy students' humanity. • John Taylor Gatto criticizes public schools because they require students to attend, receive money from the government, and destroy students' humanity.
- 19. We can do it! 1. Pick three cards from the box. 2. Use the words from the cards you got to complete a sentence with a 3. Changing the tenses of verbs is allowed 4. Repeat instructions #1-3. 5. Be the first group to complete 5 sentences with correct parallel structure.
- 20. I can do it! Choose the sentence that maintains a parallel structure throughout. a) I washed the dishes, am sweeping the floor, and dusted the mantel. b) I washed the dishes, swept the floor, and the mantel was swept. c) I washed the dishes, swept the floor, and dusted the mantel.
- 21. I can do it! Choose the sentence that maintains a parallel structure throughout. a) The jellyfish floated in the current, glowed a gentle blue, and a diver was stung by it. b) The jellyfish floated in the current, glowing a gentle blue, and stung a diver in the rear. c) The jellyfish floated in the current, glowed a gentle blue, and stung a diver in the rear.
- 22. I can do it! Choose the sentence that maintains a parallel structure throughout. a) The shepherd chased the sheep through the valley, along the river, and followed them over the hill. b) The shepherd chased the sheep through the valley, chased the sheep along the river, and over the hill. c) The shepherd chased the sheep through the valley, along the river, and over the hill.
- 23. I can do it! Choose the sentence that maintains a parallel structure throughout. a) Howard looked for Desmond the Pug in the bathroom, in the kitchen, as well as under the bed, but he was nowhere to be found! b) Howard looked for Desmond the Pug in the bathroom, he looked in the kitchen, and in the bedroom, but he was nowhere to be found! c) Howard looked for Desmond the Pug in the bathroom, in the kitchen, and in the bedroom, but he was nowhere to be found!
- 24. I can do it! Choose the sentence that maintains a parallel structure throughout. a) The moose ate all the cookies, all the cheese, and every last one of the burritos. b) The moose ate all the cookies, all the cheese, and it ate all the burritos, too! c) The moose ate all the cookies, all the cheese, and all the burritos.
- 25. Sources: • Evergreen Writing Center Library 3407 867- 6420 • Your Dictionary (https://examples.yourdictionary.com/parallel- structure-examples.html) • Khan Academy (https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/gra mmar/syntax-conventions-of-standard- english/dangling-modifiers-and-parallel- structure/e/parallel-structure)