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Part V Cont. The Economics of
Race, Class, and Gender
WEEK 10
Gender And The Black Jobs Crisis
 Burnham states that the core of the jobs crisis facing African American
women is low wages
 Other challenges that are characteristic of low-wage jobs include a lack of
benefits, unpredictable or inflexible schedules, and limited opportunities for
advancement.
 Burnham argues that a simultaneous focus on the racial gap and the gender
gap is needed to understand the realities that black women face. What are
some examples she offers to show this intersectional experience of black
women workers as compared to other workers?
 Students can draw from the data offered in the different sections to see how
the economic metrics compare across different combinations of race, gender,
and sexuality.
Key Elements of Job Crisis Facing African
American Women
 Overrepresented among low-wage workers including workers earning at
or below minimum wage
 Impacted by both the gender gap and the racial gap in wages
 Unemployed at higher rates and for longer periods than other women
 Especially hard hit by the most recent recession and have lagged behind
in the recovery
 African American women in the labor force are far more likely to be
single heads of household than are women of other races and ethnicities
Domestic Workers Bill Of Rights: A feminist
Approach For A New Economy
 The Domestic Workers Bill of Rights is legislation designed
to establish basic labor standards for domestic workers
 including time off, sick days, and protection from
discrimination
 Poo says that the bill is more than a campaign, as it
exposes our “moral responsibility to value [domestic
workers’] work because it makes all other work possible,”
and it calls for the government to regulate domestic
workers’ working conditions
“Savage Inequalities” Revisited
 Kozol's work helped to make people aware of the inequality of funding
between rich suburban schools outside New York City and urban area
schools in the city that served primarily students of color
 For example, “schools in the rich suburbs of New York City spent more than
$11,000 per pupil in 1987, while those in the city itself spent only $5,500
 The story was the same throughout the country: per- capita spending for
poor students and students of color in urban areas was a fraction of that
in richer, whiter suburbs just miles away
 The inequities in public education funding have not changed significantly
 Reports continue to show major spending gaps between rich schools and
underfunded schools.
The New Face Of Hunger
 Fruits and vegetables and other fresh foods are
expensive compared to sugary foods, whose costs have
dropped
 Government subsidies for commodity crops like corn and
soy are significantly higher than for specialty crops
 such as fruits and vegetables, and processed foods (e.g.,
soda, chicken nuggets) that use products from these
commodity crops are cheaper to buy than fresh foods
“I Am Alena”: Life As A Trans Woman Where
Survival Means Living As Christopher
 After losing her job, Alena was unable to support herself
 She had to move home, where her mother does not allow her to
live as Alena
 Also, Alena wants to “pass” more easily, in part for the sake of
her safety and comfort, but she can’t afford medical transition
 As a result, she is less comfortable living publicly as Alena
 In general, there are barriers to the medical system for low-
income transgender people
 Many states do not provide treatment for gender dysphoria,
ignoring evidence of the medical needs of and psychological
impact on transgender people
Cause Of Death: Inequality
 People with less than a high school diploma (or equivalent) had
an age-adjusted mortality rate more than three times higher than
that of people with at least some college
 which correlates with, for example, their higher death rate due to
chronic noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease
 Reuss notes that it takes more income to “achieve a given life
expectancy” in a rich country like the United States than it does to
achieve the same life expectancy in a less affluent country
 Numerous studies suggest that the more unequal the income
distribution in a country, state, or city, the lower the life
expectancy for people at all income levels.
Inequality Undermines Democracy
 Porter notes that, since Occupy Wall Street, a critical mass
of people has begun to question the ways that financial
institutions determine wealth distribution in the United
States
 Porter notes that, even if people are not motivated by
social and economic justice issues, inequality has recently
become a serious issue for most people in the United
States
 These divisions will only increase political deadlock and
hinder economic growth in the future

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Part v cont

  • 1. Part V Cont. The Economics of Race, Class, and Gender WEEK 10
  • 2. Gender And The Black Jobs Crisis  Burnham states that the core of the jobs crisis facing African American women is low wages  Other challenges that are characteristic of low-wage jobs include a lack of benefits, unpredictable or inflexible schedules, and limited opportunities for advancement.  Burnham argues that a simultaneous focus on the racial gap and the gender gap is needed to understand the realities that black women face. What are some examples she offers to show this intersectional experience of black women workers as compared to other workers?  Students can draw from the data offered in the different sections to see how the economic metrics compare across different combinations of race, gender, and sexuality.
  • 3. Key Elements of Job Crisis Facing African American Women  Overrepresented among low-wage workers including workers earning at or below minimum wage  Impacted by both the gender gap and the racial gap in wages  Unemployed at higher rates and for longer periods than other women  Especially hard hit by the most recent recession and have lagged behind in the recovery  African American women in the labor force are far more likely to be single heads of household than are women of other races and ethnicities
  • 4. Domestic Workers Bill Of Rights: A feminist Approach For A New Economy  The Domestic Workers Bill of Rights is legislation designed to establish basic labor standards for domestic workers  including time off, sick days, and protection from discrimination  Poo says that the bill is more than a campaign, as it exposes our “moral responsibility to value [domestic workers’] work because it makes all other work possible,” and it calls for the government to regulate domestic workers’ working conditions
  • 5. “Savage Inequalities” Revisited  Kozol's work helped to make people aware of the inequality of funding between rich suburban schools outside New York City and urban area schools in the city that served primarily students of color  For example, “schools in the rich suburbs of New York City spent more than $11,000 per pupil in 1987, while those in the city itself spent only $5,500  The story was the same throughout the country: per- capita spending for poor students and students of color in urban areas was a fraction of that in richer, whiter suburbs just miles away  The inequities in public education funding have not changed significantly  Reports continue to show major spending gaps between rich schools and underfunded schools.
  • 6. The New Face Of Hunger  Fruits and vegetables and other fresh foods are expensive compared to sugary foods, whose costs have dropped  Government subsidies for commodity crops like corn and soy are significantly higher than for specialty crops  such as fruits and vegetables, and processed foods (e.g., soda, chicken nuggets) that use products from these commodity crops are cheaper to buy than fresh foods
  • 7. “I Am Alena”: Life As A Trans Woman Where Survival Means Living As Christopher  After losing her job, Alena was unable to support herself  She had to move home, where her mother does not allow her to live as Alena  Also, Alena wants to “pass” more easily, in part for the sake of her safety and comfort, but she can’t afford medical transition  As a result, she is less comfortable living publicly as Alena  In general, there are barriers to the medical system for low- income transgender people  Many states do not provide treatment for gender dysphoria, ignoring evidence of the medical needs of and psychological impact on transgender people
  • 8. Cause Of Death: Inequality  People with less than a high school diploma (or equivalent) had an age-adjusted mortality rate more than three times higher than that of people with at least some college  which correlates with, for example, their higher death rate due to chronic noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease  Reuss notes that it takes more income to “achieve a given life expectancy” in a rich country like the United States than it does to achieve the same life expectancy in a less affluent country  Numerous studies suggest that the more unequal the income distribution in a country, state, or city, the lower the life expectancy for people at all income levels.
  • 9. Inequality Undermines Democracy  Porter notes that, since Occupy Wall Street, a critical mass of people has begun to question the ways that financial institutions determine wealth distribution in the United States  Porter notes that, even if people are not motivated by social and economic justice issues, inequality has recently become a serious issue for most people in the United States  These divisions will only increase political deadlock and hinder economic growth in the future