English Parts of Speech
- 1. In the name of Allah the Merciful, the Beneficent
- 3. I am withI am with Sir Yasir Abbas BaigSir Yasir Abbas Baig (My great teacher )(My great teacher )
- 4. Parts of Speech MUHAMMAD QASIM NAZAR FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
- 5. Why We Learn Parts of Speech?
- 6. Why We Learn Parts of Speech? They are the building blocks of English grammar. Understanding and applying a process is learning to learn. It is a foundation to improve your writing.
- 7. The Eight Parts of Speech Nouns Pronouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions Interjections
- 8. NOUNS Names of Persons, Places, Things, Feelings, Ideas, Quality. Examples: Person: Student , Teacher, Uncle,Student , Teacher, Uncle, Mother, Gardener, Poet,Mother, Gardener, Poet, Musician,Musician, Writer, ChildWriter, Child Place: College, Home, Garden,College, Home, Garden, Library, Beach, City, Park, ZooLibrary, Beach, City, Park, Zoo Things: Apple, Game, Movie, Book,Apple, Game, Movie, Book, Test, Homework, DinnerTest, Homework, Dinner Feelings: Love , Hate, Excitement,ove , Hate, Excitement, Enjoyment, AnxietyEnjoyment, Anxiety Qualities: Beautiful, Hardworking,eautiful, Hardworking, Honest, Pretty, TastyHonest, Pretty, Tasty
- 9. KINDS OF NOUN COMMON NOUN: Name of a general or common thing, place, person. Examples: Book, Boy, Girl, City, Country, Road, Shop, Pen, Ink, House, Machine, Ship, Picture, Star.
- 10. KINDS OF NOUN PROPER NOUN: Name of a particular thing, place, person. Note: A proper noun always begins with a capital letter. Example: Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaho Alaihay Wa Aalay Hee Wasallam), Allama Iqbal, Minar-e-Pakistan, Parker Pen.
- 11. KINDS OF NOUN ABSTRACT NOUN: An abstract noun is the name of some quality, state, action or an idea. Examples: Quality: Cleverness, Height, Color State: Pleasure, Poverty, Youth Action: Movement, Laughter, Flight
- 12. KINDS OF NOUN MATERIAL NOUN: A material noun describes the matter or substance of which things are made. Examples: Gold, Wood, Silver, Iron, Mud, Sand
- 13. KINDS OF NOUN COLLECTIVE NOUN: A collective noun describes a group or collection of similar individuals, considered as one complete whole. Examples: Furniture, Cattle, Jury, Poultry, Army.
- 14. KINDS OF NOUN COMPOUND NOUN: A compound noun is made upA compound noun is made up of two or more nouns putof two or more nouns put together to make a new word.together to make a new word. These words can be separated,These words can be separated, hyphenated, or simple joinedhyphenated, or simple joined together.together. The rule to remember is thatThe rule to remember is that when two nouns are joinedwhen two nouns are joined together, they form a newtogether, they form a new word with a new meaning andword with a new meaning and are called compound nounsare called compound nouns.. Examples: Ceiling Fan Table Tennis WashingMachine Swimming Pool Body Building Club Video Cassette Player
- 15. PRONOUN PRONOUN: A pronoun isA pronoun is a word useda word used instead of ainstead of a nounnoun Examples: 1- Paul gave Emily stationery because he wanted her to write to him when she could. 2- Asim is a boy. He is my friend. He does his work regularly.
- 16. KINDS OF PRONOUN PERSONAL PRONOUNS: The pronouns whichThe pronouns which are used for threeare used for three persons are calledpersons are called Personal Pronouns.Personal Pronouns. Examples: I, We, You, He, She, They, It etc. First Person: which denotes the person speaking; as I, We. Second Person: which denotes the person spoken to, as You, Yourself. Third Person: which denotes the person or things spoken of; as He, She, They etc.
- 17. PERSON NUMBERS Subjective Case Objective Case Possessive Case Reflexive Case 1st Person Singular I Me My,Mine Myself Plural We Us Our,Ours Ourselves 2nd Person Singular You You Yours Yourself Plural You You Yours Yourselves 3rd Person Singular He Him His Himself She Her Her, Hers Herself It It Its Itself Plural They Them Their, Theirs Themselves
- 18. KINDS OF PRONOUN RELATIVE PRONOUNS: A relative pronounA relative pronoun relates to somerelates to some noun or othernoun or other pronoun goingpronoun going before in thebefore in the sentence.sentence. Examples: Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That. This is the girl who/that came to my home. The ground which we dig will bear a fine crop. Who came to my house?
- 19. KINDS OF PRONOUN POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: The pronounsThe pronouns which showwhich show possessionspossessions Examples: My, Mine, Your, Yours, His, Her, Their, Its. The pen is mine. This is my pen. These books are theirs. The car of yours is green.
- 20. KINDS OF PRONOUN DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS: A demonstrativeA demonstrative pronoun is used topronoun is used to point out to somepoint out to some noun going before andnoun going before and used instead of it.used instead of it. Examples: This, These, Those, That, One, None, Such. This is my car. I prefer a grey car to a white one. Bring me that book. Such people as Mavia are not trustworthy.
- 21. KINDS OF PRONOUN INDEFINITE PRONOUNS: These pronounsThese pronouns refer to persons orrefer to persons or things in a generalthings in a general way. They do notway. They do not refer to any personrefer to any person or thingor thing specifically.specifically. Examples: Somebody, Someone, Something, Somewhere, Anybody, Anywhere, Anyone, No One, Each, Every. Many boys do not work hard. Did you buy anything from the market? He is going somewhere next year. There is nobody at the door.
- 22. KINDS OF PRONOUN INTERROGAT- IVE PRONOUNS: An interrogativeAn interrogative pronoun is thepronoun is the one which asksone which asks questions.questions. Examples: Who, Whom, Which, What, Whose, Where, When. What did he say? Where did you go last night? Whose book is this?
- 23. KINDS OF PRONOUN REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: ““Self” or “Selves”Self” or “Selves” form of a pronoun isform of a pronoun is reflexive when thereflexive when the action expressed byaction expressed by the verb reflectsthe verb reflects back upon theback upon the subject and not tosubject and not to any other person orany other person or Examples: Myself, Himself, Herself, Yourself, Yourselves, Ourselves, Themselves, Itself, Oneself etc. I should do my work myself. The cat seated itself. You always help yourself to make tea.
- 24. VERBS The action or “doing” words in a sentence. Example: The horse ran, jumped and kicked until it threw the rider.
- 25. TYPES OF VERB Transitive Verb: A verb is transitive, if the action does not stop with the agent. It passes from agent to something. Examples: (i)-I stopped the car. (ii)-She told a lie. (iii)- She picked a knife.
- 26. TYPES OF VERB INTRANSITIVE VERB: A verb is transitive when the action stops with the agent, and does not pass from agent to anything else. Examples: (i)- The girl weeps bitterly (ii)- The sun is shinning (iii)- They slept.
- 27. TYPES OF VERB LINKING VERB: AA linking verblinking verb connects theconnects the subject with a word that givessubject with a word that gives information about the subject,information about the subject, such as a condition or relationship.such as a condition or relationship. They do not show any action; but,They do not show any action; but, they link the subject with the restthey link the subject with the rest of the sentence. For example, inof the sentence. For example, in the sentence "They are athe sentence "They are a problem," the word "are" is theproblem," the word "are" is the linking verb that connects "they"linking verb that connects "they" and "problem" to show theand "problem" to show the relationship between the tworelationship between the two words. These verbs can be calledwords. These verbs can be called linking/copulas or copular .linking/copulas or copular . Examples: (i)- The eggsThe eggs smellsmell rotten.rotten. (ii)- I feel happy(ii)- I feel happy (iii)- She became a(iii)- She became a doctor.doctor. (iv)- He seems(iv)- He seems intelligent.intelligent.
- 28. TYPES OF VERB HELPING VERB: A verb which connects the subject with the verb. Examples: (i)- Imran is writing a letter. (ii)- They are eating mango.
- 29. ADJECTIVE Describe or modify only nouns or pronouns. Example: A big, red dump truck hit a parked little car and the worried driver ran to the other side of the busy street. I have a golden chain.
- 30. ADVERB Adds to the meaning of verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Examples: She is a very pretty girl. He is running slowly. He is running very slowly.
- 31. FORMS OF ADVERB Answer the adverb questions: Where? (Adverb of Place) How? (Adverb of Manner) Why? (Adverb of Reason) When? (Adverb of Time) Examples:Examples: I go toI go to LahoreLahore.. I go to Lahore byI go to Lahore by busbus.. I go to Lahore by busI go to Lahore by bus forfor shoppingshopping.. I go to Lahore by busI go to Lahore by bus for shoppingfor shopping dailydaily..
- 32. PREPOSITIONS A word that shows a relation between a noun/pronoun with a verb or another noun/pronoun is called a Preposition. Examples: at, from, to, on, in, into, onto, between, under, over, against, around, through The man onon the busthe bus withwith a hata hat onon hishis headhead looked atat meme and turned towardtoward the windowthe window.. A book is theA book is the onon thethe table.table. He is workingHe is working on/alongon/along the road.the road. She isShe is fondfond of riding.of riding.
- 33. CONJUNCTIONS Words used to connect words or groups of words or Words which “hook together” words, phrases, or sentences. Examples: When, as, if, since, because, while, after, although, before, and, so, or, otherwise, but, therefore, that, still, yet, but, therefore, that, still, yet, than. He did not work hard so he failed. Return my lipstick otherwise I shall slap you. The car stopped before the truck. If he works hard, he will succeed.
- 34. INTERJECTIONS Words which show emotion. In fact, an interjection is not a part of speech because it has no grammatical connection with any other word or words in the sentence. It is merely an exclamatory sound, thrown into a sentence to denote some strong feeling or emotion. An exclamation mark is put after them. Examples: Hurrah! For Joy Bravo! For Approval Oh! Ah! Alas! For Grief etc. Oh, I am surprised, but please don’t do it again. Ouch, you hurt me.
- 36. thanksthanks