Passives part 1
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The document discusses passive sentences and verb forms in the passive. It compares active and passive sentences and lists the passive verb forms for different tenses. It also discusses using modals like "can", "may", and "must" in passive sentences in the present and past tenses. Finally, it provides examples of speculative passive sentences about the present, past and future.
Passives part 1
- 1. PASSIVES: PART 1 Grammar Explanation
- 2. COMPARE: ACTIVE SENTENCES SUBJECT VERB OBJECT Cooper hijacked the plane. Someone found the bills. Authorities never solve some crimes. PASSIVE SENTENCES SUBJECT VERB OBJECT The plane was hijacked by Cooper The bills were found. Some crimes are never solved = never get solved by authorities.
- 3. PASSIVE VERB FORMS Verb Tense Subject Be (not) Past Participle Simple present The crime is (not) investigated (by the new team). Present progressive is (not) being Simple past was (not) Past progressive was (not) being Future will (not) be is (not) going to be Present perfect has (not) been Past perfect had (not) been Future perfect Will (not) have been
- 4. THE PASSIVE WITH MODALS IN THE PRESENT Subject Modals Be Past Participle The case can (not) be reopened in the future. may (not) might (not) should (not) must (not) had better (not)
- 5. THE PASSIVE WITH MODALS IN THE PAST Subject Modals Have been Past Participle The case could (not) have been reopened years ago. may (not) might (not) should (not) must (not) ought (not) to
- 6. THE PASSIVE CAUSATIVE Subject Have/Get Object Past Participle (by + Agent) We had the evidence checked by experts. She has had the note analyzed. They got the report printed by professionals. He is going to get a copy made.
- 7. SPECULATIONS ABOUT THE PRESENT Affirmative Negative It must be true. It can’t be true. has to couldn’t has got to must not Affirmative Negative It may be true. It may not be true. might might not
- 8. SPECULATIONS ABOUT THE PAST Affirmative Negative It must have been true. It can’t have been true. had to have couldn’t have has got to must not have Affirmative Negative It may have been true. It may not have been true. might have might not could have
- 9. SPECULATIONS ABOUT THE FUTURE Affirmative Negative We should solve it soon. ought to Affirmative Negative We may solve it soon. We may not solve it soon. might might not could