Peer.teaching
- 2. BehaviorismSkinner, Watson, Pavlov, ThorndikeRepetition
- 5. Social Cognitive TheoryLearning as a change in mental processes that creates the capacity to demonstrate different behaviors - learning may or may not result in immediate behavioral change.BanduraReciprocal causation and the role of expectationsModellingVicarious learning
- 6. Reciprocal Causation and the Role of ExpectationsReinforcers and punishers create expectations, cognitive processes that then influence behaviorReinforcement changes behavior only when learners know what behaviors are being reinforced Example:Students may study for an exam for several days but they aren't reinforced until they receive their score. They sustain their efforts because they expect to be reinforced for studying.Interdependence of the environment, behavior and personal factors in learning Example:A student’s low score on a quiz (an environmental factor) influences his expectations (personal) about future successes of algebra quizzes; his expectations then influences his behavior (he adapts his study habits) which influences his environment (goes to a friend’s place to study).
- 7. ModellingDirectSymbolicSynthesizedCognitive modellingprocess of performing a demonstration combined with verbalizing the thinking behind the actions
- 8. Vicarious Learninglearn by observing the consequences of other's actions and adjust their behavior accordingly Example:If you saw a sports car being pulled over and you slow down, you were vicariously punished.expectations help us understand the effectiveness of vicarious learning