pg project for structural engineering in concrete

COIMBATORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
19MCE41-PROJECT WORK AND VIVA-VOCE
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HIGH STRENGTH
CONCRETE PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF MINERAL
ADMIXTURES WITH CEMENT AND USING STEEL FIBRES
SURENDRAN S
71762261009
Under the Guidance of,
Dr. M. KAARTHIK , M.E., Ph.D.,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

INTRODUCTION
➢ The project's goal is to enhance the qualities of concrete by partially substituting fly ash,
kaolin, and silica fume. This might result in a concrete mix that has higher durability, more
compressive strength, and possibly more resilience to environmental influences, all of
which could eventually lengthen the lifespan of structures.
NOTE: It is formed from hydrothermal decomposition of granite rocks. It is nothing but hydrated aluminum silicate
crystalline material.
➢ Steel fibers enhance the properties of high-strength concrete by improving flexural
strength, toughness, and crack control. They reduce shrinkage and increase durability,
making structures more resilient to dynamic loads and environmental factors.

OBJECTIVE:
➢ To explore the use of Kaolin, silica fume, and fly ash as partial replacements
in high-strength concrete mixtures.
➢ To perform thorough assessments of the mechanical properties and
durability of the experimental concrete blends through comprehensive
testing.
➢ The examination will be executed using the ABAQUS software platform.

LITERATURE REVIEW - 1
Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Narmatha, M., and
T. Felixkala.
Meta kaolin –The
Best Material for
Replacement of
Cement in Concrete
IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and
Civil Engineering
(IOSR-JMCE)
To ensure compliance with
standard use, a preliminary
investigation was conducted.
Physical and chemical
analyses were performed on
both metakaolin and cement.
The experimental program
focused on assessing
metakaolin as a partial
replacement for cement at
varying levels (5%, 10%,
15%, and 20%).
15% cement
replacement by
Metakaolin is superior
to all other mixes.
The results encourage
the use of Metakaolin,
as a pozzolanic
material for partial
replacement in
producing high
performance concrete.

Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Shelorkar Ajay, P.,
and D. Jadhao
Pradip.
Strength Appraisal
of High Grade
Concrete by using
High Reactive
Metakaolin
International
Journal of
Innovative Research
in Science,
Engineering and
Technology
To address the need for
sustainable development,
this suggests replacing
natural sand with
artificial sand and
substituting cement with
high-reactive
metakaolin. Currently,
the utilization of
artificial sand in
concrete is reported to be
80% in Mumbai and
60% in Pune, but it is
comparatively lower in
Nashik.
The compressive
strengths of HGC
mixes increases with
increasing in
percentage of
Metakaolin. Rapid
Chloride permeability
of HGC decreases with
increasing in
percentage of
Metakaolin.

Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Nath, Pradip, and
Prabir Sarker.
Effect of Fly Ash on
the Durability
Properties of High
Strength Concrete
Procedia
Engineering, 2011 -
Elsevier
This focuses on
investigating the
durability properties of
high-strength concrete
that incorporates high-
volume Class F fly ash
sourced from Western
Australia. Test specimens
were cast using concrete
mixtures with fly ash
constituting 30% and
40% of the total binder.
Fly ash in concrete
decreased drying
shrinkage when the w/b
ratio and the binder
content were adjusted to
achieve the same 28-day
strength of the control
concrete. Incorporation
of fly ash reduced the
sorptivity of concrete in
early age and it
decreased further at six
months.

LITERATURE REVIEW – 4
Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Haque, M. N., and
O. Kayali.
Properties of high-
strength concrete
using a fine fly ash
Cement and
Concrete Research,
1998 - Elsevier
The objective of this study
was to explore the
possibilities of producing
VHSC and HPC using a
Class F Fine Fly Ash (FFA)
with a fineness of 99%
passing a 45-μm sieve.
Accordingly, six mixtures
were cast with a total
cementitious content of 400
and 500 kg/m3 also presents
the characterization of these
concretes.
At 10% replacement of
cement by the FFA, it was
possible to reduce the mixing
water by 35% to produce a
concrete of similar
workability with a total
cementitious contents of 500
kg/m3. However, the
corresponding reduction in a
400 series concrete was only
6%. The optimum level of
cement replacement was
found to be 10%.

Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Poon, Chi Sun, Lik
Lam, and Y. L.
Wong..
A study on high
strength concrete
prepared with large
volumes of low
calcium fly ash
Cement and
concrete research,
2000 - Elsevier
The main objectives of
using fly ash in high
strength concrete are to
reduce heat generation and
to obtain better durability
properties. However, in
concrete mixes prepared at
a low water-to-binder (w/b)
ratio, a 20% fly ash content
may not be sufficient to
suppress the excessive heat
of hydration.
High strength concrete
with a 28-day
compressive strength of
80 MPa could be
obtained with a w/b ratio
of 0.24, and with a fly
ash content of 45%. Such
a concrete has a lower
heat of hydration and
chloride diffusivity when
compared to the
equivalent plain cement
concrete

Author’s Name
Title
Name of
Journal and
year
Description Results
Holschemacher,T.M
ueller,Y.Ribokov
Effect of steel fibres
on mechanical
properties of high-
strength concrete
Materials & Design
(1980-2015), 2010 -
ElsevierK
This paper deals with a role
of steel fibres having
different configuration in
combination with steel bar
reinforcement. It reports on
results of an experimental
research program that was
focused on the influence of
steel fibre types and amounts
on flexural tensile strength,
fracture behaviour and
workability of steel bar
reinforced high-strength
concrete beams.
SFRC has increased
extensibility and
tensile strength
under flexural
loading. The fibres
hold the matrix
together even after
extensive cracking.

LITERATURE SUMMARY
❑ Metakaolin 15% cement replacement is the best option compared to other mixes. The findings support the
use of metakaolin as a pozzolanic material for concrete production that is high performing but still partial
replacement.
❑ As the percentage of Metakaolin in HGC mixes increases, so do their compressive strengths. As the
percentage of Metakaolin increases, the rapid chloride permeability of HGC decreases.
❑ When the w/b ratio and the binder content were changed to match the control concrete's 28-day strength,
the addition of fly ash to the concrete reduced drying shrinkage. When fly ash was added to concrete, its
sorptivity dropped immediately and again after six months.
❑ It was feasible to create a concrete with a comparable workability and a total cementitious content of 500
kg/m3 by reducing the mixing water by 35% when 10% of the cement was replaced by the FFA. On the
other hand, a 400 series concrete only experienced a 6% drop. It was discovered that 10% cement
replacement was the ideal amount.

SCOPE
➢ The project's scope involves investigating the impact of incorporating Kaolin, silica fume,
and Fly ash as partial substitutes in high-strength concrete.
➢ The project will concentrate on evaluating the mechanical and durability properties.
➢ The examination will be executed using the ABAQUS software platform.

METHODOLOGY
Literature review Mix design
Estimation of
Material Quantities
Gathering Materials
Preparing concrete
mix proportions and
casting
Conducting Tests on
Specimens
Performing
analytical tasks with
ABAQUS software.
Comparing the
forecasted model
with experimental
values.

OUTLINE OF EXPERIMENTAL / ANALYTICAL WORK
❑ The purpose of the experiment is to study the characteristics of high-strength concrete that is produced when steel fibers are added and mineral
admixtures partially replace cement.
❑ The potential advantages of employing steel fibers and mineral admixtures to improve concrete performance are what spurred this investigation.
❑ The study starts with a thorough analysis of pertinent literature, looking at earlier studies on high-strength concrete, the impact of mineral
admixtures, and the function of steel fibers.
❑ The selection and properties of materials, such as steel fibers, cement, and mineral admixtures, as well as the methodology for mix design and
experimental techniques, are described in the materials and methods section.
❑ Tests are performed on concrete specimens that have different ratios of steel fibers and mineral admixtures to assess characteristics like
compressive and flexural strength.
❑ The experimental results are thoroughly examined and discussed, taking into account the impacts of steel fibers and mineral admixtures on the
characteristics of the concrete and contrasting the results with previous research.
❑ The study's summary of the main conclusions, practical implications, and recommendations for additional research are included at the end with the
goal of advancing our knowledge of and ability to optimize high-strength concrete mixes that contain steel fibers and mineral admixtures.
MINERAL
ADMIXTURES &
MATERIALS
USED
Cube size Cylinder
size
Prism size Beam size Grade
of
concrete
Fly Ash
Meta kaolin
Steel fiber
150 x 150 x 150
mm
150 x 300
mm
500 x 100 x 100
mm
1200 x 100 x 150
mm
M60

1. MATERIALS USED
CEMENT: OPC 53 Grade Cement confirming to IS:12269: 2009
(DALMIA CEMENT)

2. FLY ASH

3. META KAOLIN

4. M-SAND: confirming to IS - 383: 1970

5.COARSE AGGREGATE: confirming to IS - 383: 1970

6. SUPERPLASTICIZER – Conplast SP 430

7. STEEL FIBER

OUTLINE EXPERIMENTAL / ANALYTICAL WORK
TESTING ON MATERIALS :
Sieve Analysis & Specific gravity test

S. NO PROPERTIES TEST RESULTS
1. Specific Gravity 2.88
2. Initial Setting Time 45 Min
3. Final Setting Time 570 Min
PROPERTIES OF CEMENT:

PROPERTIES OF FLY ASH:

PROPERTIES OF META KAOLIN:

PROPERTIES OF STEEL FIBRES:

S. NO DESCRIPTION VALUE
2. Fineness Modulus (sieve analysis) 2.74
PROPERTIES OF FINE AGGREGATE:

2. Water absorption 0.21%
3. Fineness Modulus 2.17
4. Type of aggregate Crushed angular aggregate
5. Maximum nominal 20 mm
6. Zone II
PROPERTIES OF COARSE AGGREGATE:

PROPERTIES OF FINE AGGREGATE:
2. Water absorption 0.1%
3. Fineness Modulus 2.17
4. Type of aggregate Crushed angular aggregate
5. Maximum nominal 20 mm
6. Zone II

Concrete Mixing :

1) MIX DESIGN AS PER IS 10262 -2019:
Type of cement OPC 53
Specific Gravity of cement 2.88
Cement
Exposure Severe
Workability 100 mm
Site conditions considered

MIX RATIO:
w/c ratio = 0.28
Cement : Fine agg (kg/m³) : Coarse agg (kg/m³) : Water (l/m³): Superplasticizer (l/m³) Mix ratio= 1: 1.35 :2.19 :0.28 :0.8
S.NO
FLY
ASH
%
META
KAOLIN
%
STEEL
FIBER
1%
Kg/m3
CEMENT
FLY
ASH
META
KAOLIN
STEEL
FIBER FA CA
SP
(ml) WATER (l)
1 5 5 - 37.25 7.24 1.75 - 39.34 75.57 380 10.5
2 5 10 - 35.5 7.15 4.23 - 39.78 71.25 360 10.5
3 5 15 - 33.56 7.05 6.12 - 39.78 70.71 330 9.5
4 5 5 1 37.25 7.24 1.75 .850 39.34 75.57 380 10.5
5 5 10 1 35.5 7.15 4.23 .850 39.78 71.25 360 10.5
6 5 15 1 33.5 7.05 6.12 .850 39.78 70.71 330 9.5

OUTLINE EXPERIMENTAL / ANALYTICAL WORK:
2) BEAM DESIGN:
Length of the beam = 1200 mm
Effective span of beam = 1100 mm
Breadth of the beam = 100 mm
Depth of the beam = 150 mm
Cover = 25 mm
Effective depth = 125 mm
Live load (WL) = 2 KN/m
Grade of concrete = M30
Grade of steel = Fe550

3)I CASTING: 01/02/2024 (cement replacement of – 5% fly ash & 5 % metakaolin)
i) CUBE ii) CYLINDER iii) PRISM

3) II 7TH & 28th DAY TESTING: 8th Feb & 29th Feb (01/02/2024)

3) III 7TH & 28TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 8th Feb & 29th Feb (01/02/2024)
Compression test results on cubes:
Cubes 7 days compressive strength (N/mm2) 28 days compressive strength (N/mm2)
1 39.1 59.85
2 37.9 58.9
3 39.0 57.3
Cylinder 7 days split tensile strength (N/mm2) 28 days split tensile strength (N/mm2)
1 - 3.403
2 - 3.098
3 - 3.246
Prism 7 days flexural strength (N/mm2) 28 days flexural strength (N/mm2)
1 - 5.178
2 - 5.287
3 - 5.040

5) II 7TH & 28th DAY TESTING: 13th Feb & 6th Mar (07/02/2024)

4) III 7TH & 28TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 13th Feb & 6th Mar (07/02/2024)
1 37.6 55.15
2 36.9 56.9
3 35.7 58.3
1 - 3.694
2 - 3.769
3 - 3.283
1 - 5.420
2 - 5.300
3 - 5.250

5) III 7TH & 28TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 01/02/2024
1 39.1 58.15
2 38.9 57.9
3 38.7 59.3
1 - 3.595
2 - 3.819
3 - 3.986
1 - 5.460
2 - 5.200
3 - 5.280

4)I CASTING: 15/02/2024 (cement replacement of – 5% fly ash & 5 % metakaolin) with steel fibre

5) II 7TH & 28th DAY TESTING: 22th Feb (15/02/2024)

5) III 7TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 01/02/2024
1 38.5 -
2 39.3 -
3 38.7 -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -

4)I CASTING: 20/02/2024 (cement replacement of – 5% fly ash & 10% metakaolin) with steel fibre

5) II 7TH DAY TESTING: 27th Feb (20/02/2024)

5) III 7TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 27th Feb (20/02/2024)
1 38.5 -
2 39.3 -
3 38.7 -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -

4)I CASTING: 26/02/2024 (cement replacement of – 5% fly ash & 15% metakaolin) with steel fibre

5) II 7TH & 28th DAY TESTING: 26th Feb (04/03/2024)

5) III 7TH DAY TEST RESULTS : 26th Feb (04/03/2024)
1 36.5 -
2 35.2 -
3 37.1 -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -
1 - -
2 - -
3 - -

WORK SCHEDULE
S.NO DESCRIPTION
DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL
4th W
1
st
W
2
nd
W
3
rd
W
4
th
W
1
st
W
2
nd
W
3
rd
W
4
th
W
1
st
W
2
nd
W
3
rd
W
4
th
W
1
st
W
2
nd
W
3
rd
W
4
th
W
1 Title Discussion
2 Study of Literature
3 Mix Design
4 Material Collection
5 Preliminary Tests
6 Casting of Specimen
7 Testing of Specimen
8 Analysis using ABAQUS
9 Results and Conclusion
10 Preparation of book

pg project for structural engineering in concrete

More Related Content

Similar to pg project for structural engineering in concrete (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

pg project for structural engineering in concrete