![pH
pH is the measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
pH is measured on a log scale.
pH = - log[H+]
pH is used to indicate the degree of acidity or alkalinity (basic) of a solution in a polar solvent
like water.
When there is a high [H+], the solution is more acidic but their value on pH scale is small.
On the other hand when the [H+] concentration is low, the solution is basic but their value on pH
is high.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/doc-20231028-wa0028-231110083933-4426ac71/85/Ph-1-320.jpg)
![pH
Pure water should have a neutral pH, due to have equal amounts of [H+] and [OH-].
Acid and bases are created by adding polar molecules to water to increase [H+] or increase [OH-
] respectively.
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic
pH and pOH relate in the following way
pH + pOH = 14
pOH is the measure of the [OH-], in a solution.
Q. What would be the pOH of an solution with a pH of 5.75?
pOH = 14 - 5.75
pOH = 8.25](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/doc-20231028-wa0028-231110083933-4426ac71/85/Ph-2-320.jpg)
![pH
1. What is the pH of an HCl having 0.001 M conc.
2. Determine pH of a H2SO4 having 0.0001 M conc?
3. What is the pH of NaOH having 0.01 M NaOH.
4. Determine the pH of a 0.001 M HNO3?
5. What is the pH of a base with an [OH-] of 3.44X10-5 M?](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/doc-20231028-wa0028-231110083933-4426ac71/85/Ph-3-320.jpg)
Ph
- 1. pH pH is the measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. pH is measured on a log scale. pH = - log[H+] pH is used to indicate the degree of acidity or alkalinity (basic) of a solution in a polar solvent like water. When there is a high [H+], the solution is more acidic but their value on pH scale is small. On the other hand when the [H+] concentration is low, the solution is basic but their value on pH is high.
- 2. pH Pure water should have a neutral pH, due to have equal amounts of [H+] and [OH-]. Acid and bases are created by adding polar molecules to water to increase [H+] or increase [OH- ] respectively. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic pH and pOH relate in the following way pH + pOH = 14 pOH is the measure of the [OH-], in a solution. Q. What would be the pOH of an solution with a pH of 5.75? pOH = 14 - 5.75 pOH = 8.25
- 3. pH 1. What is the pH of an HCl having 0.001 M conc. 2. Determine pH of a H2SO4 having 0.0001 M conc? 3. What is the pH of NaOH having 0.01 M NaOH. 4. Determine the pH of a 0.001 M HNO3? 5. What is the pH of a base with an [OH-] of 3.44X10-5 M?
- 4. pH Ans: 3. 12.0 4. 3.0 5. 9.54
- 6. Co- Precipitation It is a process in which more than one soluble compounds are precipitate out from solution. In precipitation normally water insoluble compounds precipitate.
- 8. Fractional Precipitation A process in which compounds, elements or ions of similar solubilities are separate out by using different analytical techniques.
- 10. Working of Indicators Please see your notes of 2nd semester