![pH is a measure of the hydorgen ion
concentration of a solution.
pH= -log[H+] concentration
Solutions with a pH
less than 7 are acidic
and solutions with a
pH greater than 7 are
basic.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ajchem2-180501154103/85/pH-determination-and-applications-2-320.jpg)
pH determination and applications
- 2. pH is a measure of the hydorgen ion concentration of a solution. pH= -log[H+] concentration Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic.
- 3. 1) Measuring pH Using an Indicator • involves comparing the standard color corresponding to a known pH with the color of an indicator immersed in the test liquid using buffer solution. • preparing pH test paper which is soaked in the indicator, then immersing the paper in the test liquid and comparing its color with the standard color.
- 4. (2) Hydrogen-Electrode Method A hydrogen electrode is made by adding platinum black to platinum wire or a platinum plate. It is immersed in the test solution and an electric charge is applied to the solution and the solution is saturated with hydrogen gas. The electrode potential is measured between platinum black electrode and silver chloride electrode. This potential is inversely proportional to pH of the solution.
- 5. (5) Glass-Electrode Method The glass electrode method uses two electrodes, a glass electrode and reference electrode, to determine the pH of a solution by measuring the voltage (potential) between them.
- 6. (6)Semiconductor sensor methods This sensor, known as an ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET), is not only resistant to damage but also easily miniaturized. Miniaturization allows the use of smaller amounts of sample for measurement, and makes it possible to perform measurements in very small spaces and on solid state surfaces.
- 7. •Pharmaceutical and chemical industry •Quality control •Controlling of chemical reactions •Food production •Quality control at dairies •Quality control and efficient production in bakeries •: agriculture, wastewater treatment, industrial processes, environmental monitoring, and in research and development.