Phonology functions
- 1. UNIT 3
- 2. • Phonology is the study of the sound
- 3. • Phonemes : The smallest unit of a sound • Words stress : Word stress is the emphasis we place in a specific syllable of a word when pronouncing it. In English words that have more than one syllable • Sentences stress :Normally this emphasis is on words that carry important information • Intonation : Intonation is primarily a matter of variation in the pitch level of the voice
- 4. SENTENCE STRESS -Sentence has primary and main stress. - Other words can have secondary stress. - Stress on an unexpected word in a sentence is called contrastive stress.
- 5. • Phonemes : It helps distinguish between words such as so and show • Cantonese : In cantonese these sounds are not two separate phonemes
- 6. Intonation • Speaker changes the level of their voice to show meaning.
- 7. UNIT 4 What is a Function
- 8. What we say has a purpuse or function Functions How we use the language Context Greeting Clarifying
- 9. What do you think an “exponent” is?
- 10. The language we use to express a funtion es called an exponent. Ex: “Hello. My name is Andres .”
- 11. Levels of formality Formal Language is used in more official and important situations. Informal Language often occurs in relaxed situations. Colloquial Very casual and conversational. Neutral We use when we want to show neither great respect nor too much casual
- 12. Appropriacy Appropriate Suitable Good moorning, everyone.Many classroom situations Unsuitable Inappropriate People usually choose to use the level of formality that suits a situation.
- 13. Key concepts -Coursebooks in the 1980s and 1990s were often organised around functions. These books were based on the Functional Approach. -A focus on functions in the classroomcan lead to an emphasis on communication and learning language in crunks.
- 14. BIBLIOGRAPHY • Mary Spratt, A.P (2011). The TKT Course .New York : Cambridge .