Physical Project Class 12

P.P.J.SARASWATI VIHAR - 2015-16
PROJECT
ON
BASKETBALL
PHYSICAL &HEALTH EDUCATION
SUBMITTED BY:-
Kushagra Gupta
XII
Board Roll No.:- _ _ _ _ _ _
SUBMITTED TO:-
Umesh sharma
(P.G.T. Phy. Edu.)

Certificate
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT MASTER KUSHAGRA GUPTA
OF CLASS 12TH HAS PREPARED THE PROJECT ON
BASKETBALL.
THE PROJECT IS THE RESULT OF HIS EFFORTS AND ENDEVOURS. THE PROJECT
IS FOUND WORTHY OF ACCEPTANCE AS FINAL PROJECT FOR THE SUBJECT
PHYSICAL & HEALTH EDUCATION.
HE HAS PREPARED THE PROJECT UNDER MY GUIDANCE AND AS PER THE
NORMS PROVIDED BY THE CBSE.
Mr. Umesh Sharma
(P.G.T. PHY. EDU.)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the accomplishment of this project successfully many people have best owned upon
me their blessings and the heart pledged support this time I am utilizing to thank
all the people who have been concerned with the project.
Primarily i would thank god for being able to complete this project with success. Then I
would like to thank my physical & health education teacher MR. UMESH SHARMA,
whose valuable guidance has been the ones that helped me patch this project and
make it full proof success his suggestions and his instructions has served as the
major contributor towards the completion of the project.
Then i would like to thank my parents and friends who have helped me with their
valuable suggestions and guidance has been helpful in various phases of the
completion of the project.
Last but not the least i would like to thank my classmates who helped me a lot.
KUSHAGRA GUPTA
XIITH

Content
• History of the Game
• Invention of the Game
• Rules
• Field & Measurement
• Fundamental Skill
• Terminologies
• Warm Up Activities & Stretching Exercises
• Common injuries
• How are Basketball injuries treated?
• How are Basketball injuries prevented?
• Tournaments
• Important Venues
• Important Personalities

History of Basketball
 The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891
in Springfield, Massachusetts by Canadian physical education
instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than
football.
 The game became established fairly quickly, very popular as the
20th century progressed, first in America and then throughout
the world.
 After basketball became established in American colleges, the
professional game followed; the American National Basketball
Association (NBA), established in 1949, grew to a multi-billion
dollar enterprise by the end of the century, and basketball
became an integral part of American culture.

Invention of the Game
 The game of Basketball, as we know it today was created by
Dr. James Naismith in December 1891 in Springfield,
Massachusetts to condition young athletes during the cold.
 It consisted of peach baskets and a soccer style ball. He
published 13 rules for the new game. He divided his class of 18
into two teams of nine players each and set about to teach
them the basics of his new game.
 The objective of the game was to throw the basketball into the
fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym balcony.
Every time a point was scored, the game was halted so the
janitor could bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball.
 After a while, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed.
The first public basketball game was played in Springfield,
Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.

Original Rules
I. There were only thirteen rules of "basket ball".
II. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
III. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands.
IV. A player cannot run with the ball, the player must throw it from the spot
on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the
ball when running at good speed.
V. The ball must be held in or between the hands, the arms or body must
not be used for holding it.
VI. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking in any way the
person of an opponent shall be allowed. The first infringement of this rule
by any person shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until
the next goal is made, or if there was evident intent to injure the person,
for the whole of the game, no substitute.
VII. A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of rules 3 and 4, and such
as described in rule 5.

Original Rules
VIII. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count a
goal for opponents.
IX. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted
from grounds into the basket and stays there If the ball
rests on the edge and the opponent moves the basket it
shall count as a goal.
X. When the ball goes out of bounds it shall be thrown into
the field and played by the person first touching it. In case
of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the
field. The "thrower-in" is allowed five seconds. If he holds
it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in
delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.

Original Rules
XI. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the
fouls, and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls
have been made.
XII. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall decide
when the ball is in play, in-bounds, and to which side it
belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal
has been made and keep account of the goals with any other
duties that are usually performed by a referee.
XIII. The time shall be fifteen-minute halves, with five-minute rests
between.
XIV.The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared
the winner. In the case of a draw, the game may, by agreement
of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

Field
&
Measurement
{Size Circumference Weight
(In Grams)
Recommended For
Size 7 29.5 623.69 Men & Boys Ages 15- Up
Size 6 28.5 566.99 Boys Ages 12-14. Women Ages 12- Up
Size 5 27.5 481.94 Boys & Girls Ages 9-11
Size 4 25.5 396.89 Boys & Girls Ages 5-8
Size 3 22 283.50 Boys & Girls Ages 4-8
Size 1 16 226.80 Boys & Girls Ages 2-4
Nerf Toy 9-20 28.35 - 141.75 Great For Toddlers 0-4 Years Old

Fundamental Skill
 Dribbling :- Dribbling is an important skill for all basketball
players. This skill will allow you to move up and down the
court, maneuver past defenders and execute plays. Proper
dribbling requires ball-handling skills and knowledge of
how to spread your fingers for ball control.
 Shooting :- In order to score points in basketball, you need
to shoot the ball into the hoop. This requires the ability to
properly hold and throw the ball into the air toward the
basket while avoiding defenders.

 Running :- Running is a big part of basketball. In a full-court
game, you will find yourself running back and forth as the
game quickly transitions between offense and defense.
 Passing :- Passing is another skill that when mastered can
help you become a complete basketball player. Basketball is
a team sport that involves finding a teammate who is open
for a shot.
 Jumping :- Jumping is another skill that can define how
good a basketball player is. Jumping is involved in offense
during the jump ball in the beginning, while taking shots
and sometimes while trying to catch a pass.

 Backboard - The rectangular piece of wood or fiberglass
that the rim attaches to.
 Bench - The substitute basketball players.
 Blocked Shot - When a defensive basketball player makes
contact with the basketball while another player is
shooting the ball.
 Bounce Pass - In this pass, the basketball bounces about
two-thirds of the way from the passer to the receiver.
 Charging :- An offensive foul, which occurs when an
offensive player runs into a defender who has established
position.
Terminology

 Dunk :- A shot in which a jumping player slams the ball
down into the opponent’s basket from above.
 Foul:- Actions by players, which break the rules but are not
floor violations.
 Jump shot: Field-goal attempt by a player with both feet off
the floor, enabling the player to shoot over the defender.
 Rebound: A term used to describe the actual retrieving of
the ball as it rebounds from the backboard or the ring after
a missed shot.

Warm up activities & stretching exercises
 We start with the specific exercise down one side of the court
and jog out the rest of the lap to really warm-up.
1. Dynamic Warm-Up:- high knee pulls, lunges, high knees, power
skips, high knees, reverse knee pulls.
2. Stretch Lines:-Arm circles forward and back, shoulder stretch,
in and outs with arms straight at the elbow, hanging hamstring
stretch, toe grabber ham-string stretch, seated right arm/left
leg sit and reach and reverse, right and left leg sit and reach
with both hands and knee bent, both legs straight out sit and
reach, groin stretch, standing splits and 25 old fashioned
jumping jacks.
 At the end of this stretch and warm-up your basketball players
should be warm and ready to go.

Common Injuries
• Ankle Sprains
• Jammed Fingers
• Knee Injuries
• Deep Thigh Bruising
• Facial Cuts
• Foot Fractures

HOW ARE BASKETBALL INJURIES TREATED?
1. Ankle Sprains:- Treatment for an ankle sprain involves rest, ice,
compression, and elevation (RICE). The need for X-rays and
evaluation by a physician is determined on a caseby- case basis
and depends on the severity and location of pain. Pain and
swelling over the bone itself may need further evaluation. An
injury to the ankle in a child who is still growing could
represent a simple sprain or could be the result of an injury to
the growth plates located around the ankle and should be
evaluated by a physician.
2. Deep Thigh Bruising :- Treatment includes rest, ice,
compression, and elevation. Commercially available girdles
with thigh pads are now available for protection.

3. Knee Injuries :- Basketball requires extensive stop and go and
cutting maneuvers which can put the ligaments and menisci of
the knee at risk. Injury to the medial collateral ligament is most
common following a blow to the outside of the knee and can
be often be treated with ice, bracing and a gradual return to
activity.
4. Jammed Fingers :- Jammed fingers occur when the ball
contacts the end of the finger and causes significant swelling
of a single joint. Application of ice and buddy taping the finger
to the adjacent finger may provide some relief and allow the
athlete to return to play. If pain and swelling persist, evaluation
by a physician or athletic trainer is recommended and an x-ray
of the finger may be needed.

5. Stress Fractures :- Stress fractures can occur from a rapid
increase in activity level or training or from overtraining. Stress
fractures in basketball most commonly occur in the foot and
lower leg (tibia). Once diagnosed, a period of immobilization
and non-weight bearing is recommended. Return to play is
permitted once the fracture has completely healed and the
athlete is pain free.
6. Facial Cuts :- Depending on the depth of the injury, the cut
may require stitches or a "butterfly" sterile tape. Ice may
provide pain relief and decrease swelling. Players can return to
play after all blood is removed and the wound is dressed.

HOW CAN BASKETBALL INJURIES BE PREVENTED?
1. Have a pre-season physical examination and follow your
doctor's recommendations for basketball injury prevention.
2. Hydrate adequately - waiting until you are thirsty is often too
late to hydrate properly.
3. Pay attention to environmental recommendations, especially in
relation to excessively hot and humid weather, to help
avoid heat illness.
4. Maintain proper fitness - injury rates are higher in athletes who
have not adequately prepared physically.
5. The athlete should return to play only when clearance is granted
by a health care professional.

6. After a period of inactivity, progress gradually back to full-
contact basketball through activities such as aerobic
conditioning, strength training, and agility training.
7. Avoid overuse injuries - more is not always better! Many
sports medicine specialists believe that it is beneficial to take
at least one season off each year. Try to avoid the pressure that
is now exerted on many young athletes to over-train. Listen to
your body and decrease training time and intensity if pain or
discomfort develops. This will reduce the risk of injury and
help avoid "burn-out."
8. Talk with your coach and/or athletic trainer about an ACL
injury prevention program and incorporating the training
principles into team warm-ups.

Tournaments Top Tournaments
 Basketball World Cup
 Olympic Games
 American Tournaments:
 NBA
 Argentine League LNB
 European Tournaments:
 Euroleague
 Italian League
 Spanish ACB League
 National Teams Tournaments:
European Championships
South American Champ.

I
M
P
O
R
T
A
N
T
RANK Venue Capacity Location Country
1 Philippine Arena 55000 Bulacan Philippines
2 Carrier Dome 35446 Syracuse United states
3 Kombank Arena 25000 Belgrade Serbia
4 Rupp Arena 23500 Lexington United states
5 United Center 23400 Chicago United states
6 Greensboro
Coliseum
23377 Greensboro United states
7 KFC Yum! Center 22090 Louisville United states
8 Araneta Coliseum 22000 Quezon City Philippines
9 Dean Smith Center 21750 Chapel Hill United states
10 Thompson-Boling
Arena
21678 Knoxville United states
V
E
N
U
E
S

Important Personalities
1. Michael Jordan
2. Wilt Chamberlain
3. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
4. Bill Russell
5. Satnam Singh Bhamara
6. Larry Bird
7. Tim Duncan
8. Oscar Robertson
9. Shaquille O'Neal
10. Hakeem Olajuwon

Physical Project Class 12

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Physical Project Class 12