Plant form & function part 2
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This document provides information about plant structures and their functions. It discusses the key differences between dicots and monocots, including examples of plant types. It also outlines the main structures and roles of stems, leaves, roots, and root systems. Stems support leaves and reproductive structures, transport water and nutrients, and protect leaves. Leaves perform photosynthesis, maximize sunlight absorption, facilitate water transport, and provide pressure to draw up water. Roots anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals, store food, and have root hairs that aid absorption. Root systems include taproots and fibrous roots among monocots and dicots.
Plant form & function part 2
- 1. NaSc1 1
- 2. 1. Dicot Roses, cacti, peas, beans, cotton, carrots 2. Monocot Palm trees, lilies, orchids, corn, pineapple, sugarcane 2
- 3. 3
- 4. 1) Stem 4
- 5. Position leaves for maximum photosynthesis Supports reproductive structures Provides pathway for the transport of water minerals and food between leaves and roots Protects leaves from many predators Bark is formed to protect from predators and physical trauma 5
- 6. Cladophyll Stolons Corm Rhizomes Tubers 6
- 8. Simple Leaf Compound Leaf http://waynesword.palomar.edu/termlf1. htm http://visual.merriam-webster.com/plants-gardening/ plants/leaf/compound-leaves.php 8
- 9. Main photosynthetic organ Usually flat to maximize the surface area exposed to sunlight Extension of vascular tissue system Provide pressure “pull” that forces water through the plant’s body; loss of water through pores in leaves 9
- 11. Taproot System Primary Root (taproot) Lateral roots Trees Fibrous Root System Monocotyledons Adventitious roots Lateral Roots Grasses TAPROOT FIBROUS 11
- 12. Anchor the plant to the soil Absorbing water and minerals Food storage *Root Hairs www.psmicrographs.co.uk/marjoram-...- vulgare-science-image/00135c etc.usf.edu/clipart/46500/46522/46522_root_h airs.htm 12
- 13. Rootcap -living thimble-like parenchyma cells -protects the apical meristems -aids in penetration -controlling the response of the root to gravity (gravitopism) Columella Mucigel 13
- 14. Aerial Roots Prop Roots Pneumatophores Contractile roots Storage Roots 14
- 15. Raven, P.H. , Evert, R.F. and Eichhorn, S.E. 1999. Biology of Plants 6th Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. Worth Publishers, USA. 944 pp. Nabors, M.W. 2004. Botany an Introductory Approach. Pearson Education South Asia Pte. Ltd. 626pp. Diola, A., Dy., D., Ilano, A., Inoc, D.C., Oquinena, K., Parilla, R., Tambuli, A. and Yee, J. 2010. Natural Science 1 (Biological Sciences) Lecture Notes. University of San carlos, 126 pp. Starr, C. 2003. Biology: Concepts and Applications, 5th ed. Brooks/Cole, USA. 799 pp. 15
Editor's Notes
- #7: Assignment
- #8: Leaf is a metabolic factory equipped with many photosynthetic cells
- #9: Simple leaf- undivided but with many lobes Compound Leaf –leaf divided into leaflets with the same orientation
- #10: *transpiration –evaporation of water from a plant *veins –receive water and minerals from the stems and transport food to the stem Usually flat to maximize the surface area exposed to sunlight
- #11: Leaves look like needles, feathers, cup, tubes
- #12: Taproot – the primary root persist; secondary roots arise from them; trees Fibrous root system – primary root dies early, replaced by adventitious roots developing from the stem; secondary roots branch from them; almost the same length; grasses; corn
- #13: Cactus roots- can spread to 15 m A shrub in a desert, root can reach 53 m in search for water
- #14: Growth stops during adverse conditions (drought, low temperatures) Follow the spaces left by earlier roots that hae died and rotten Columella –central column of cells which is the site of perception of gravity in the rootcap Mucigel –slimy sheath covering the tip of the root, lubricates the root root during its passage through the soil Rootcap cells only stays from four to nine days (depending on the length of the cap and species); the peripheral cells re slough off
- #15: Assignment