Policy survey report_2013__final
- 1. Global Entrepreneurship Week Policy Survey 2013
- 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS 04 Foreword 07 Section 1: Introduction 09 Section 2: Methodology 13 Section 3: Respondent Characteristics 16 Section 4: Entrepreneurial Experience 32 Section 5: Conclusion 40 Acknowledgements
- 4. FOREWORD by Jonathan Ortmans, President, Global Entrepreneurship Week That fact that Global Entrepreneurship Week is now operating in 140 countries is alone a strong indication of the globalization of the startup movement. Even in economies that were traditionally less supportive of capitalism like Venezuela or Iran, we are seeing the rise of strong entrepreneur-led startup communities. These communities are made up of a new generation of pioneers motivated by a range of factors from intellectual curiosity and an appealing startup culture to social responsibility, job shortages and economic opportunity. Due in part to efforts like GEW, governments around the world are rapidly expanding the attention they The emergence of “Startup Acts” and “startup policy advisors” in the executive branches of many governments is early evidence of this trend. However, for governments to be smarter about how they help, they need better data, research and analysis to identify and respond to the real barriers to startups and scale-ups. This annual GEW Policy Survey is a small step toward asking entrepreneurs for their views on how these policymakers can be smarter in smoothing the path for steps being taken by GEW to foster better-informed policymaking include: policy advisors and government leaders around the world focused on regulatory policies or smarter programming through a GEW Startup Nations network; Entrepreneurship Research Network that coordinates and aligns the efforts of institutions around the world that fund entrepreneurship
- 5. research and program performance; countries through a regular online commentary column called the Policy Dialogue on Entrepreneurship; next to be held at the Global Entrepreneurship Congress in Moscow on March 17, 2014, and at a government-convened global summit in Morocco in the fall of 2014. in partnership with GEW hosts and Boards listen to startup communities and assist leaders of the national entrepreneurial ecosystems in communicating with their government; and better inform eager but less-informed government leaders about options to consider and traps to avoid. Most nations accept that the world needs more entrepreneurs to build economies and expand human welfare. The research and policy activities among rigor to the task of guiding global startup enthusiasm toward impactful actions and interventions. We welcome your interest in engagement in this effort. 5
- 6. About Global Entrepreneurship Week job creators who launch startups that bring ideas to life, drive economic growth and expand human welfare. During one week each November, GEW inspires people everywhere through local, national and global activities designed to help them explore their potential as selfstarters and innovators. These activities, from large-scale competitions and events to intimate networking gatherings, connect participants to potential collaborators, opportunities. Millions who had never before considered launching their own ventures soak up advice and inspiration from the likes of Richard Branson, Michael Dell and Muhammad Yunus. Thousands of brand new startups spring to life through bootcamps like Startup Weekend and competitions like Startup Open. Hundreds of universities strengthen connections that help them commercialize research from their labs. Researchers and policymakers engage in discussions around the world to examine the underlying policies necessary to promote entrepreneurial growth. And serial entrepreneurs share their expertise through activities like EO24, run by the campaign as they look to fuel the economic engine of high-growth startups in their own countries and communities. During 2012 alone, presidents and prime ministers from 20 countries supported Global Entrepreneurship Week while 93 ministers from of support or otherwise endorsing the national campaigns in their countries. Global Entrepreneurship Week is more than an awareness campaign. It is the platform for developing and connecting the national entrepreneurial ecosystems in 140 nations around the world. Global Entrepreneurship Week 2400 N ST NW | Suite 603 | Washington, DC USA gew.co
- 7. SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Entrepreneurship is a dynamic expression of human into products of value, jobs, incomes, satisfaction, and meaning through a mixture of creativity, ambition, perseverance, and intelligence. Entrepreneurs are alchemists of the economic sphere, transforming base materials into societal gold. While entrepreneurship represents the height of individualism, it takes place in a context of a marketplace determined by government policies that regulate entrepreneurs, facilitate their access to entrepreneurial activity. Consequently, the organizers of Global Entrepreneurship Week (GEW) have sponsored a short on-line survey in policy-relevant realms. GEW headquarters asked national host organizations to make this survey available hope is that, this year and beyond, the survey results will inform entrepreneurs and their governments about relative national differences in the policy environment and stimulate them to pursue desirable improvements. 7
- 8. survey: Section II provides a brief discussion of methodology, response levels, and the implications of those levels for organizing interpreting the results. Section III has an overview of respondent characteristics. Section IV discusses entrepreneurial experience by region and nation in as much depth as the sample size allows. Section V concludes the analysis. The appendix contains a series of detailed tables and charts.
- 9. SECTION 2: METHODOLOGY INSTRUMENT DESIGN experiences in the three policy realms of regulation, access to resources, and entrepreneurial environment. Each respondent was asked to indicate, on a scale of 1-to-7, the extent to which he or she agrees or disagrees with each of 12 statements, with 1 meaning “Strongly Disagree,” 4 meaning “Neutral,” and 7 meaning “Strongly Agree.” The 12 statements are listed below. GEW Policy Survey Statements Regulation 1. The process for registering businesses with the government is clear and easy. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. competent and honest. My competition operates in compliance with the law. Tax laws are not an impediment to the development of businesses. National law protects business intellectual property from theft inside the country. The courts resolve disagreements between businesses fairly. Access to Resources 7. 8. 9. Entrepreneurs with strong records and compelling reasonable terms. Businesses like mine have access to needed energy sources, transportation networks, and communications services at reasonable cost. Businesses like mine can readily hire workers with the desired knowledge, skills, and abilities. 9
- 10. 10. Entrepreneurs like me have access to advisors and mentors who can provide helpful guidance. The Environment for Entrepreneurship 11. to the development and growth of businesses like mine. 12. People have high regard for entrepreneurship and risk-taking. For context, the survey also requested demographic information (sex, age); whether or not the respondent currently operates a business; the industry, age, and employee size of the business; expected percent revenue growth by 2016; prior business ownership; whether or not the respondent plans to start a new business in the next 12 months; and the industry of this business and the expected number of employees three years after startup. The survey instrument is reproduced in the report appendix. DISSEMINATION In July 2013, GEW headquarters: Informed host organizations in 195 countries about the availability of the survey; 1 Asked the hosts to arrange for the translation of the survey instrument from English into the Posted these translated versions on the GEW website; and Encouraged the hosts to publicize the availability of the survey to its entrepreneurial constituency.2 The survey was available online through September 15, 2013. GEW headquarters organized the survey results in Excel, oversaw the translation of the results into English, and produced an integrated, analysis-ready, English language dataset.
- 11. RESPONSES GEW received 2,671 responses from 120 nations. Three hundred ninety-two responses from persons not current or expected business owners were set aside, leaving 2,279 responses from 109 nations in the analytic sample. These nations are organized into eight regions, with responses distributed as follows: Region Eastern Europe Middle East/North Africa/ Central Asia Latin America & Caribbean Sub-Saharan Africa Western Europe North America Australia & Oceania # Nations 20 18 # Nations => 20 N 6 482 7 418 %N 21.2 18.3 21 17 20 13 2 2 6 5 4 3 2 2 18.1 12.8 12.2 8.3 7.2 1.9 413 291 277 189 164 44 Responses are highly concentrated in a handful of 3 “other” categories (e.g., Eastern Europe Other). Sixty- China (labor force of 816.6 million) to Dominica (28,000). that is, the number of respondents as a proportion of all entrepreneurs, varies greatly as well. To compute a “proportional sample size index” (PSSI) per nation, the number of responses was divided by the size of the labor force (as the total number of entrepreneurs was not accessible).4 A table with sample size, labor force, and PSSI for each nation is in the appendix. As might be expected, very small nations have a high PSSI and large ones have very low ones. As a consequence, smaller nations tend to carry more weight for their size in the survey results than do larger ones. 11 1. the host organizations is reproduced in the appendix. 2. The survey instrument was available in English, Spanish, French, Mandarin, Dutch, Arabic, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, Serbian (2 forms), Macedonian, Croatian, Bulgarian, Portuguese, Russian, and Rwandan, Swahili, and Turkish.
- 12. Nations with Highest PSSI Barbados Iceland Dominica Cape Verde Qatar Palestinian Territories Antigua and Barbuda Croatia PSSI of Nations with Largest Labor Force China India United States Indonesia Brazil Russia Bangladesh Labor Force (000s) PSSI N 160 188 28 226 1,431 942 30 1,907 1,200 229 107 88 78 49 33 30 192 43 3 20 111 46 1 58 Labor Force (000s) PSSI N 816,585 476,664 159,069 115,865 103,194 76,421 74,547 0.231 0.015 0.283 0.017 0.010 2.617 0.027 189 7 45 7 1 200 2 IMPLICATIONS OF RESPONSE SIZE & DISTRIBUTION FOR ANALYSIS highly uneven distribution by country is not conducive to sophisticated statistical analysis. At the same time, the sample is large and dispersed enough to indicate differences among regions and nations that appear 3. Russia (200), Barbados (192), China (189), Canada (121), (94), Rwanda (93), Saudi Arabia (89), and Venezuela (85). 4. The PSSI is computed by dividing the number of responses by the size of the labor force, then multiplying by 1,000. The report narrative provides a very basic summary of the results. The appendix provides detailed tables by nation so that readers may do their own analyses and comparisons.
- 13. SECTION 3: RESPONDENT CHARACTERISTICS An overview of respondent characteristics is provided experience in some context. GENDER AND AGE Globally, survey respondents were a little less than two-thirds male and 36 years old on average. Fifty-nine percent are 35 years old or less. By region, the breakout is as follows: Region % Male Average Age Eastern Europe Middle East/North Africa/Central Asia Latin America & Caribbean 62.1 74.8 35.0 34.6 % 35 Years Old or Less 60.5 63.9 54.7 34.9 59.7 82.2 59.2 59.3 53.0 65.9 64.8 33.7 35.3 40.5 39.0 39.3 35.6 64.8 62.4 40.7 50.6 45.5 59.1 Sub-Saharan Africa Western Europe North America Australia & Oceania Globe Observations: males and the lowest average age. North America has the lowest percent of males. Western Europe has the highest average age. In Western Europe and Australia & Oceania, less than half of the respondents are 35 or younger. 13
- 14. A detailed table of respondent gender and age by nation is provided in the appendix. OWNERSHIP STATUS Over three-quarters of the respondents currently own a business. The remainder plan to start one in the next year. Almost half of current owners plan to start an additional business within a year. In total, respondents currently own 1,800 businesses and plan to start another 1,402. Australia & Oceania North America Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East/North Africa/ Central Asia Western Europe Latin America & Caribbean Eastern Europe Globe % Currently Own 86.4 91.0 72.5 83.6 60.3 88.1 75.6 83.6 76.9 A detailed table of respondent ownership status by nation is provided in the appendix. CHARACTERISTICS OF CURRENTLY OWNED BUSINESSES Almost two-thirds of currently owned businesses were ten or fewer employers; only seven percent have 50 or more. Forty-six percent of current owners expect revenue to increase by 30 percent or more by 2016.
- 15. Region % Business Founded 2008-2013 % with 10 % with 50 or Fewer or More Employees Employees Australia & Oceania North America 56.8 78.9 10.5 % Expecting Business Revenue Increase 30+% by 2016 63.2 76.4 82.1 90 57.4 .7 10.6 44.4 48.6 63.3 68.3 11.5 36.9 69.1 81 5.5 40.5 64.4 60.9 88.4 85.1 2.9 5.7 41.5 48.7 59.2 66 75 76.9 7.8 7.1 52.8 46.1 Asia Middle East, North Africa, & Central Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Western Europe Latin America & Caribbean Eastern Europe Globe Currently-owned businesses are distributed across 21 industry categories. Sixty-eight percent are in six categories: 24.5% Information 13.0% Retail Trade 9.3% Manufacturing 7.6% Education 7.2% Arts, Entertainment, Recreation 6.2% 15
- 16. SECTION 4: ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERIENCE COMPOSITE SCORES BY REGION Worldwide, respondents indicate that their global composite score is 3.9 with 4.0 being neutral).5 As the table below indicates, the composite scores for Australia & Oceania and North America are substantially above those for other regions, while the scores for Eastern Europe and Latin America & Caribbean are substantially below. Region N Composite Score Difference with Rest of World is Statistically Australia & Oceania North America 44 164 291 418 4.9 4.6 4.1 4.1 Y Y Y Y 277 189 413 4.0 3.9 3.6 N N Y 482 2779 3.4 3.9 Y Middle East, North Africa, & Central Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Western Europe Latin America & Caribbean Eastern Europe Globe A table with more statistical detail is provided in the appendix. STATEMENT SCORES The bar chart below shows the mean level of response to each of the 12 statements on entrepreneurial experience. Observations:
- 17. Level of Agreement with Entrepreneurship Statements 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 A B C D 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.3 E F G H I J K L M 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 A - Courts resolve disagreements B - Tax laws are not impediments to development honest D - Intellectual property law protects theft inside the country E - Entrepreneurs with strong records can obtain funding F - Average Composite G - National economic conditions are conducive to development H - People have high regard for entrepreneurship I - Registering their business is clear and easy J - Business have access to energy, transportation and networks and abilities L - Competition operates in compliance of law M - Entrepreneurs have access to advisors and mentors 5. analysis is the mean of the level (on a scale of 1-7) with one of the 12 statements. For the globe, a region, or a nation, the mean of the 12 statement scores is called a “composite score.” 17
- 18. The average response to six statements is slightly negative, two are neutral, and four are positive. The four statements with the lowest scores are in the realm of regulation. Statements on access to mentors and competitor compliance with the law received the most positive responses. pair of statements and indicates several patterns of note.6 score on any one statement increases the likelihood of a higher score on every other statement. This result suggests that the elements improvements in any one are likely to be associated with improvements in others. other statement in the same category (i.e., regulation, access to resources, entrepreneurial environment) are relatively high (between 0.32 and 0.64). Of the 22 in-category correlation 0.41. In other words, improvements in any one dimension of the entrepreneurial experience tend to be associated with other improvements in the same category. The highest correlation (0.64) is between the views on intellectual property disputes, which makes sense as both concern the integrity of the legal system. At the same time, out-of-category pairs tend to have a lower correlation, ranging from 0.22 to 0.42. Of 44 such pairs, 13 are between 0.22 and 0.29, 28 are between 0.30 and 0.39, and three are between 0.40 and 0.42. The lowest correlation (0.22) is between views about the impact of tax laws on development and entrepreneur access to advisers and mentors, two topics that seemingly have little to do with one another. 6. measure of the direction and strength of the linear relationship between with the former indicating total positive correlation, 0 indicating no correlation, and -1.0 indicating complete negative correlation.
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- 20. Business registration is clear and easy Business registration is clear and easy Public competent and honest Competition operates in compliance with law Tax laws are not an impediment to development of businesses National law protects intellectual property 1 compotent and honest 0.61 1 Competition operates in compliance with law 0.36 0.45 1 Tax laws are not an impediment to development of businesses 0.34 0.44 0.33 1 National law protects intellectual property 0.38 0.49 0.38 0.47 1 Courts are fair about resolving disagreements 0.42 0.54 0.41 0.44 0.64 0.26 0.31 0.23 0.28 0.32 Businesses have access to energy, transportation, communication at reasonable cost 0.25 0.33 0.27 0.32 0.36 Businesses have access to good workers 0.26 0.34 0.27 0.27 0.37 Entrepreneurs have access to advisors and mentors 0.30 0.33 0.26 0.22 0.36 National economy is okay 0.30 0.37 0.28 0.40 0.42 Entrepreneurs are highly regarded 0.23 0.33 0.25 0.32 0.35 Entrepreneurs with strong records can
- 21. Courts are fair about resolving disagreements Businesses have access to energy, Businesses Entrepreneurs transportation, have access have access Entrepreneurs with to advisors to good strong records can communication at and mentors workers reasonable cost National economy is okay Entrepreneurs are highly regarded 1 0.36 1 0.37 0.44 1 0.37 0.32 0.46 1 0.36 0.39 0.39 0.46 1 0.42 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 1 0.37 0.35 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.51 21 1
- 22. the higher the average score for any statement, the lower the variance.7 For eight of the 12 questions, rank by mean and rank by variance are within one rank of each other. Earlier, it was noted that regulation statements had the four lowest average scores; three of these also have the largest variances. This regulatory realm. Interestingly, the other low scoring statement, which suggests that respondent attitudes on other statements and consistently low across nations. However, given the relative concentration of the responses in a few countries, not too much should be read into this analysis. Perhaps it can be revisited in future years with a larger and more representative set of responses. 7. “In probability theory and statistics, variance measures how far a set of numbers is spread out. (A variance of zero indicates that all the values are identical.) A non-zero variance is always positive: A small variance indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the mean (expected value) and hence to each other, while a high variance indicates that the data points are very spread out from the mean and from each other.” Wikipedia, http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance, accessed October 31, 2013.
- 23. Mean Rank Largest Mean Differennce in Rank 1 3.65 9 8 3.06 2 4.31 2 0 3.32 3 4.42 1 -2 Businesses have access to good workers 3.33 4 4.12 5 1 Businesses have access to energy, transportation, communication at reasonable cost 3.71 5 4.13 4 -1 Entrepreneurs are highly regarded 3.85 6 4.05 6 0 3.86 7 4.00 8 1 Courts are fair about resolving disagreements 4.00 8 3.59 12 4 Business registration is clear and easy 4.00 9 4.19 3 -6 Tax laws are not an impediment to development of businesses 4.18 10 3.59 11 1 National law protects intellectual property 4.43 11 3.60 10 -1 National economy is okay 5.11 12 4.00 7 -5 Average Variance 3.81 Variance Rank Smallest Variance 2.86 Competition operates in compliance with law Entrepreneurs have access to advisors and mentors Questions Entrepreneurs with strong records COMPOSITE SCORES BY NATION The bar chart below provides the composite score for each nation with 20 or more responses, with the (e.g., Eastern Europe Other). As the chart shows, Qatar has the highest composite score at 5.0; seven nations have a score greater than 4.5. At the other end, Greece has the lowest score at 2.5; nine nations have a score below 3.5. 23 3.97
- 24. Observations: The nations within Australia & Oceania and North America are relatively close to one another. the nations with the highest and lowest composite score is somewhat greater at 0.7. For the remaining regions, with the exception of Western Europe, the dispersion is between 1.2 and 1.6. In Western Europe, Greece is a dramatic outlier with a composite score of 2.5, indicative of its severe economic troubles of late. STATEMENT SCORES BY NATION In the appendix, the reader will see a table of the mean score by nation for each of the 12 statements. Although this table is useful for reference, it is not particularly the scores are replaced by rankings in the following table. Observations: Canada is the only nation that ranks 8 or higher for every statement. New Zealand ranks 4 or higher for eight statements, with four other relatively high scores. Its lowest rank (14) is for access to skilled workers. 4 for four, with the remaining three at 11 or better. Rwanda ranks 6 or higher for eight statements. Its lowest rank (18) is for access to advisers and mentors. Egypt has nine scores ranked at 10 or higher and three slightly lower. The U.S. has a similar distribution of ranks as Egypt, with the exception of a lower rank concerning the impact of its tax laws on growth. Iceland is ranked 7 or higher for nine statements,
- 25. weakness is in the entrepreneurial environment and access to funding. for each of the regulatory statements and in the middle ranks for access to resources and entrepreneurial environment. has middling scores in the regulatory realm and, with one exception, ranks 7 or better in access to resources and entrepreneurial environment. The Palestinian Territories has strength in access to resources, where it ranks between 6 and 11 across the four statements. Greece, most Eastern European nations, and most Latin American & Caribbean nations consistently have lower ranks across the various statements. Exceptions include Barbados and Eastern Europe Other (which includes 38 responses from 14 nations). Mexico has a particularly high ranking in access to capital. Readers are encouraged to explore the ranking table above and the table of scores in the appendix for additional patterns. The latter table also allows readers to conduct T-tests (difference of means) to determine 25
- 27. Composite Scores A - Greece B - Ukraine C - Venezuela D - Croatia E - Russia F - Bolivia G - Turkey H - Lebanon I - Bulgaria J - Tanzania L - Mexico N - Saudi Arabia O - Romania P - Myanmar Q - Latin America & Caribbean Other R - Cape Verde S - Palestinian Territories U - Average of All Countries V - Algeria W - Sub-Saharan Africa Others X - Western Europe Other Z - Eastern Europe Other AA - Middle East/North Africa/Central Asia Other BB - Barbados DD - China EE - United States FF - Egypt GG - Canada HH - Iceland II - Rwanda JJ - Australia & New Zealand 27
- 28. Country regulating businesses are Registering compotent business is clear and easy and honest Competition operates in compliance of law Tax laws are not impediments to development Intellectual property law protects theft inside country Courts resolve disagreements Australia & Oceana New Zealand 1 2 3 4 5 2 Australia 3 8 1 18 2 5 Canada 8 5 6 8 7 8 United States 10 10 11 19 6 7 China 15 14 24 17 20 14 South Asia Other 17 15 23 9 18 19 Myanmar 28 25 20 16 25 26 Qatar 11 4 10 1 1 1 Egypt 12 6 14 2 9 4 Middle East/ North Africa/ Central Asia Other 14 11 29 10 11 13 Palestinian Territories 29 19 31 24 27 23 Saudi Arabia 31 23 36 12 30 24 Kazakhstan 13 32 30 13 28 27 Lebanon 30 30 26 11 35 35 2 3 5 3 3 6 North America South Asia Middle East/ North Africa/ Central Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Rwanda
- 29. Entrepreneurs with strong records can obtain funding Business have access to energy, transportation and networks Business can hire workers with knowledge, skills, and abilities Entrepreneurs have access to advisors and mentors National economic conditions are People have Composite conducive to high regard for development entrepreneurship Rank Composite Score 4.9 3 7 14 5 2 9 2 4.9 23 9 10 1 17 18 8 4.6 4.6 8 8 6 3 8 6 5 4.7 4 5 12 4 7 2 7 4.6 4.1 1 3 11 7 5 3 9 4.4 11 16 1 10 11 20 14 4.2 33 29 29 31 9 12 23 3.7 4.1 2 4 3 8 1 1 1 5.0 7 6 4 12 6 4 6 4.6 12 13 13 17 10 7 12 4.2 6 10 8 11 31 16 20 3.8 28 31 27 30 12 10 25 3.6 9 30 36 38 19 27 26 3.6 24 36 24 15 34 28 31 3.4 4.0 10 12 15 18 3 29 5 3 4.8
- 30. Sub-Saharan Africa Others 16 18 15 15 15 11 Algeria 35 26 22 21 12 20 Kenya 20 20 18 29 21 10 Cape Verde 4 13 9 14 22 22 Tanzania 26 24 28 30 29 25 Iceland 5 1 2 7 4 3 United Kingdom 7 7 4 5 10 9 Western Europe Other 25 16 7 28 8 16 Greece 38 37 38 38 34 30 Barbados 6 12 8 26 13 12 Latin America & Carribean Other 27 31 17 22 14 17 Mexico 33 28 32 33 26 32 Ecuador 34 33 19 23 16 29 Bolivia 36 29 27 27 32 36 Venezuela 37 38 13 31 38 37 Eastern Europe Other 9 9 16 6 17 15 Romania 32 34 25 32 23 18 Bulgaria 18 35 37 25 36 33 Turkey 22 22 12 36 33 28 Russia 23 27 34 34 31 31 Croatia 21 21 33 35 24 34 Ukraine 24 36 35 37 37 38 Western Europe Latin America & Caribbean Eastern Europe
- 32. SECTION 5: CONCLUSION The 2013 GEW Policy Survey was designed as an experimental means of gathering and publishing a standardized set of information worldwide on the entrepreneurial experience in order to inform government policies. The results, thin though they are due to the small sample size and uneven geographic distribution, do suggest a number of interesting differences among statements, regions, and nations. It is hoped that the value of the results motivates host organizations to more actively encourage entrepreneur responses next year. If the sample size in 2014 grows will catalyze even a greater response in 2015 and a virtuous cycle of expansion will ensue. Readers are encouraged to comment on the value of this effort, and means to improve it, by writing GEW headquarters at mark@gew.co.
- 33. APPENDIX Survey Letter ……………………………………….............. Global Entrepreneurship Week is committed to a world where more people are unleashing their ideas and global challenges and strengthening economic stability everywhere. As part of the preparations for the upcoming GEW 2013 in November, we are conducting a survey to assess the experience of entrepreneurs so that the outcomes may help inform future policy Our focus is on capturing the perceptions of are high-growth or have the potential and drive to be high-growth entrepreneurs. All respondent names Responses will only be allowed until August 31, 2013. Your response will contribute to a published report on the most important public policies necessary to encourage startups to launch and scale. We know your time is valuable. Given your position, we also know that your input will be invaluable. Thank you in advance for helping to conduct this important survey. Should you care to receive a copy of the report when it is published, please send a request via email to survey@unleashingideas.org with your name, country and email address included. Sincerely yours, Jonathan Ortmans 33
- 34. Country Region Market Registering Business is Clear and Easy Tax laws regulating are not businesses Competition operates in impediments are to compotent compliance development of law and honest Intellectual property law protects theft inside country Greece Western Europe Major Advanced 1.8 2.2 2.5 1.4 2.5 Ukraine Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 3.9 2.3 3.0 2.3 2.4 Venezuela Latin America & Carribean Developing and Emerging 2.2 2.1 4.7 3.1 2.1 Croatia Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 3.9 3.4 3.5 2.6 3.3 Russia Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 3.9 3.0 3.5 2.8 2.6 Bolivia Latin America & Carribean Developing and Emerging 2.6 2.8 3.8 3.3 2.6 Turkey Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 3.9 3.4 4.7 2.4 2.5 Lebanon Middle East/ North Africa/ Developing and Central Asia Emerging 3.4 2.8 4.0 4.0 2.5 Bulgaria Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 4.1 2.6 2.8 3.4 2.4 Tanzania Sub-Saharan Developing and Africa Emerging 3.6 3.2 3.8 3.2 3.0 Ecuador Latin America & Carribean Developing and Emerging 3.1 2.8 4.4 3.4 3.7 Mexico Latin America & Carribean Developing and Emerging 3.1 2.9 3.6 3.0 3.3 Middle East/ North Africa/ Developing and Kazakhstan Central Asia Emerging 4.5 2.8 3.7 3.8 3.2 Saudi Arabia Middle East/ North Africa/ Developing and Central Asia Emerging 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.9 3.0 Romania Eastern Europe Developing and Emerging 3.2 2.7 4.1 3.0 3.4 Myanmar South Asia Developing and Emerging 3.5 3.1 4.3 3.7 3.3 Latin America & Carribean Other Latin America & Carribean 3.5 2.8 4.4 3.5 3.8
- 35. Business Entrepreneurs have access to energy, with strong Courts resolve records can transportation disagreements obtain funding and networks Business National can hire workers with Entrepreneurs economic People have knowledge, have access conditions are high regard for Average to advisors conducive to skills, and and mentors development entrepreneurship Composite abilities 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.4 1.9 1.8 2.5 2.0 2.9 3.7 3.1 4.1 2.5 3.2 3.0 2.2 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.9 2.2 4.1 3.1 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.6 3.4 2.4 2.5 3.1 2.8 4.0 3.8 3.3 3.9 3.1 2.6 3.3 2.4 3.6 4.0 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.0 4.0 3.1 3.4 3.3 2.6 3.7 3.0 4.0 4.5 3.0 3.8 3.4 2.6 4.0 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.8 4.1 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.3 4.1 3.7 3.5 2.7 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.6 3.1 4.2 3.6 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.4 3.6 3.6 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.6 4.2 3.7 3.6 3.6 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.9 4.2 3.8 35
- 36. Sub-Saharan Developing and Cape Verde Africa Emerging 5.4 4.0 4.9 3.8 3.4 Middle East/ Palestinian North Africa/ Developing and Territories Central Asia Emerging 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.3 Kenya Sub-Saharan Developing and Africa Emerging 4.0 3.5 4.4 3.3 3.4 Average of All Countries All Countries 4.0 3.6 4.3 3.5 3.6 Algeria Sub-Saharan Developing and Africa Emerging 3.0 3.1 4.2 3.5 4.0 SubSaharan Africa Others Sub-Saharan Africa 4.3 3.5 4.6 3.8 3.8 Western Europe Other Western Europe 3.8 3.8 5.1 3.3 4.4 and South Asia Other South Asia 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.0 3.6 Eastern Europe Other 4.9 4.2 4.5 4.1 3.7 4.4 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.1 Eastern Europe Middle East/North Middle East/ Africa/ North Africa/ Central Asia Other Central Asia Barbados Latin America & Carribean Developing and Emerging 5.2 4.0 5.0 3.4 4.0 United Kingdom Western Europe Major Advanced 5.2 4.5 5.4 4.2 4.4 China South Asia Developing and Emerging 4.4 4.0 4.1 3.6 3.5 United States North America Major Advanced 4.9 4.2 4.8 3.6 4.7 Egypt Middle East/ North Africa/ Developing and Central Asia Emerging 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.4 Canada North America Major Advanced 5.0 4.6 5.2 4.0 4.5 Iceland Western Europe Major Advanced 5.2 5.3 5.6 4.0 4.8 Rwanda Sub-Saharan Developing and Africa Emerging 5.7 5.1 5.3 4.6 4.9
- 38. Australia & New Zealand Australia & Oceania Qatar Middle East/ North Africa/ Developing and Central Asia Emerging Major Advanced 5.9 5.1 5.6 4.3 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.9 5.4 5.0
- 39. 4.9 4.4 4.5 4.5 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.5 5.2 5.0 DEMOGRAPHIC & OWNERSHIP Other Western European Countries 40.9 44.4% 72.2% 57.1% 92.9% 7.1% 50.0% 61.1% Greece 36.4 51.3% 71.8% 91.4% 0.0% 22.9% 61.5% 59.7% 54.7% 60.9% 85.1% 5.7% 48.7% 65.1% Latin America & Carribean 34.91 Barbados 30.9 76.6% 42.7% 65.7% 99.3% 0.0% 38.2% 53.1% Other Latin American & Carribean Countries 35.4 62.2% 62.2% 72.7% 83.3% 8.3% 50.0% 77.8% Mexico 38.5 35.7% 73.8% 52.9% 66.7% 19.4% 63.9% 61.9% Ecuador 35.4 68.8% 65.6% 50.0% 72.7% 9.1% 45.5% 84.4% Bolivia 39.5 41.9% 54.8% 53.8% 77.8% 5.6% 38.9% 90.3% Venezuela 39.7 35.3% 64.7% 56.1% 72.6% 8.2% 65.3% 71.8% 35.00 60.5% 62.1% 59.2% 75.0% 7.8% 52.8% 51.3% Other Eastern Europe Countries 33.3 76.3% 60.5% 70.0% 71.9% 3.1% 25.0% 54.1% Romania 30.8 77.2% 59.6% 86.8% 88.1% 7.1% 71.4% 68.4% Bulgaria 32.0 68.5% 53.7% 72.5% 87.5% 2.5% 59.0% 66.0% Turkey 32.7 68.4% 68.4% 76.3% 65.0% 10.0% 65.0% 63.2% Russia 36.1 58.0% 68.5% 50.3% 67.9% 11.8% 57.8% 42.3% Croatia 38.9 39.7% 53.4% 46.3% 91.1% 0.0% 35.6% 44.8% Ukraine 41.9 29.2% 41.7% 38.1% 77.3% 4.5% 18.2% 30.0% 35.60 59.1% 64.8% 66.0% 76.9% 7.1% 46.1% 60.4% Eastern Europe Grand Total 39
- 40. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Global Entrepreneurship Week Policy Survey was made possible by funding from Stokan of George Washington University with input from Yasuyuki Motoyama and were instrumental in disseminating the survey: Algeria Barbados Bolivia Bulgaria Canada Cape Verde China Croatia Ecuador Egypt Greece Iceland PNB-NAPEO Barbados Youth Business Trust Red Bolivia Emprendedora Junior Achievement Bulgaria Canadian Youth Business Foundation Young Entrepreneurs Association of Cape Verde (AJEC) Entrepreneurship Foundation for Graduates Croatian Small Business Union (HUMP) Fundacion Emprender Middle East Council for Small Business & Entrepreneurship Hellenic Associations of Young Entrepreneurs Innovit Entrepreneurship Center Lebanon Mexico Myanmar New Zealand Palestinian Territories Qatar Romania Ukraine MIT Enterprise Forum Impulsa Project Hub Yangoon Wellington Innovation Network Partners for a New Beginning, Palestinian Territories Silatech Junior Achievement Romania GEA Strategy and Consulting Center for Entrepreneurship Babson-Rwanda Entrepreneurship Center Qotuf Zanzibar Association for Youth Education & Empowerment Endeavor Turkey TOBB Association “Socio-Economic Strategies and Partnerships” United States Venezuela GEW/USA Ecosistema Nacional de Emprendimiento (EneVenezuela) Russia Rwanda Saudi Arabia Tanzania Turkey
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- 42. founded by sponsored by with additional support from | Startup Weekend | Center for International Private Enterprise | Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship Youth Employment Network | MIT Enterprise Forum | DECA | Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs | International Labour Organization | YEC Global | Global Consortium of Entrepreneurship Centers Global Entrepreneurship Week 2400 N ST NW | Suite 603 | Washington, DC USA gew.co