POPULATION DYNAMICS FOR IGCSE CAMBRIDGE
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This document discusses population dynamics, focusing on the causes of world population increase and the concepts of overpopulation and underpopulation. It highlights factors contributing to changes in birth and death rates, the implications for healthcare and resource management, and population policies aimed at controlling growth. Case studies illustrate the impacts of these dynamics in high-income and low-income countries.
POPULATION DYNAMICS FOR IGCSE CAMBRIDGE
- 1. AE O IGCSE G G R P H Y Mr. YONAS GEMEDA SEPTEMBER 2020
- 2. UNIT ONE
- 4. SOME IMPORTANT CONCEPTS WORLD POPULATION INCREASE CONTENTS OVER POPULATION AND UNDER POPULATION THE MAIN CAUSE AND CNGE IN POPULATION SIZE NATURAL POPULATION CHANGE POPULATION POLICY
- 5. LEARNING OUTCOMES Describe and give reasons for the rapid increase in the worlds population Show an understand of over population and under population, including the cause and consequences for both Understand the main cause of a change in population size Give reasons for contrasting rates of natural population change on birth and death rates Demonstrate knowledge of case studies, including a countrz which is over populated and under populated Describe and evaluate population policies
- 6. KEY TERMS 3 2 1 6 7 8 4 5 9 Urbanization Over population Under population Natural increase GNI per capita GDP per capita Mortality rate Fertility rate KEYS Life expectancy
- 7. ADD YOUR TITLE HERE 1.1 SOME IMPORTANT CONCEPTS To measure the level of economic development of a country we should see GNI per capita, GDP per capita. And the birth and death rates varz between HICs, MICs and LICs.
- 8. 1.2 WORLD POPULATION INCREASE Improvements in farming techniques Improvements in public health care Improved water supplz and sewage disposal Reasons population growth
- 9. WORLD POPULATION GROWTH IN THE 20th CENTURY In the 20th century population growth accelerated. this was because as the birth rate fell, the death rate also continued to fall. Life expectancy continued to increase, resulting in rapid increase in ppopulation.
- 10. FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO A REDUCED BIRTH RATE An improvement in the status and education of women Access to contraception Increase in wages Increased in urbanization
- 11. FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO A REDUCED DEATH RATE Improvements in healthcare and nutrition A reduction in subsistance agriculture Increase in wages
- 12. OVER POPULATION AND UNDER POPULATION ADD TITLE Under population when there are not enough people living in a region or a countrz to make full use of the resource at given technoloy Over population a countrz or region that does not have enough resources to keep all of its people at a reasonable standard of living HICs the consequences of over population are: lack of Water,Food, environmental degradation and others LICs the two main causes of over population are: 1. an increase in the birth rate and 2. a decrease in the death rate
- 13. THE MAIN CAUSE OF CHANGE IN POPULATION SIZE SOCIAL FACTORS health care life style education and migration POLITICAL FACTORS population policies ECONOMIC FACTORS emplozment wage level
- 14. NATURAL POPULATION CHANGE SOCIAL FACTORS AND IMPACTS ECONOMIC FACTORS AND IMPACTS fFood supply will need to increase if the economhas not expanded this maz lead to higher levels of unemployment an increased pool of labour which can stimulate economic activity, industrial production and economic growth The health service and hospitals will need to be able to accomodate the needs of yound population. more primary schools will be needed
- 15. THE IMPACT OF HIV AIDS LABOUR SUPPLZ AND THE ECONOMY THE FAMILY EDUCATION POVERTY INFANT CHILD MORTALITY DEPENDENCY RATIO
- 16. POPULATION POLICIES KEYS Population control normally involves the practice of either limiting population increase, usually by reducing the birth rate, or increasing population by incouraging high birth rate and immigration The practice of population control has sometimes been voluntary or by law population control practices are: increasing the access of contraception abstinence educating women about family planning improving healthcare encouraging emigration The method choosen can be strongly influenced by the religious and cultural beliefs of the community