Practical applications of controlled natural language with description logics and OWL. FluentEditor and OASE.

Semantics
Practical applications of controlled natural language with
description logics and OWL. FluentEditor and OASE.
Paweł Kapłański 1
Anna Wróblewska, PhD 1,2
Aleksandra Zięba, PhD 1,3
Paweł Zarzycki 1

1 Cognitum

2Institute of Computer Science,
Warsaw University of Technology

3 Institute of Political Science,
University of Warsaw
www.cognitum.eu/semantics Cognitum | Semantics

Agenda

• Crisis (Emergency) Management – Controlled
Natural Language Component
• Ontorion – Semantic Knowledge Management
Framework
• OASE - semiotic framework for software
development


Problems Addressed – Emergency,
Crisis Management (EM)

• activity of public administration, a part of national
security management
• dealing with the strategic organizational management
processes (an integrated rescue system) used to
– prevent critical situations (crises),
– prepare to assume control of crises by way of planned
activities,
– respond in case of emergencies, remove their effects and
restore the resources and critical infrastructure


EM Characteristics

• Clearly defined organizational structure
• Legislative issues and documentation
• Different kinds of information: time (information can
vary in time), space
• Different requirements to information accessibility &
presentation (by different actors)
• Rescue actions: time pressure, usually lack of
necessary resources

Two Kinds of Knowledge

Meta-ontology Ontology / Fact-base

- General - Geo & topological
knowledge derived information, location
from legislative of rescue units, etc.
issues, procedures, - Communication via
disasters etc. graphical language,
- Communication e.g. maps, building
via CNL plans etc. (advanced
- Actors: GIS system)
management - Rescue actors
experts


EM Knowledge Management
System - Objectives
• Comprehensive services enriched by posting / insertion of additional information from the
environment
• The system should allow for the identification and analysis of new risks
• Coordination and exchange of information between the coordinator, e.g. at the municipal level
or at the regional level, emergency services and citizens
• Informative issues involving the public: alarm system, forums, educational platform, opinion
monitoring, surveys
• Training & simulation platform

• EM-KMS accessed via spectrum of CNL (Controlled Natural Language) interfaces
can be seen as a communication platform that allows for constant contact between
coordination actors without additional UI layer (and training)
• It is expected that CNL will force actors of coordination to use the precise
statements as well as strictly defined and standardized terminology and therefore
this tool will have great impact on the organizational culture itself


EM – what knowledge needs to be
managed?
• What procedures need to be applied?
• What actions/tasks are undertaken within the process?
• What actors are involved in certain actions (actors’
dependancies, division of responsibilities) ?
• Geo related issues:
– What is the location of the emergency or crisis event?
– Where are the rescue teams during crisis events?
– What environmental factors influence the course of crisis
events?
– Where to find shelter during the crisis event?


EM Concepts Captured –
Meta-ontology (1)

• Organizational structure: roles (actors and units) and their
relationships
• Responsibilities of actors for certain tasks in a particular
situation
• Alerts about crisis situations and dangers
• Information about crisis events, effects, risks and dangers
• Activities / Procedures that are performed in specific
situations during prevention, preparation, response to crisis
and recovery
• Resources, devices and equipment useful for performing
rescue actions

EM Concepts Captured (2)

Treatment system
Communication &
Infrastructure coordination
(resources) (actors,
procedures, tasks)
Crisis characterization Studied world

Crisis events, Environment
effects, risks, (people, natural
dangers sites, goods)

EM Model


EM Meta-ontology


EM Use Case – Tanker Accident

A tanker truck (containing
unknown toxic substance)
had an accident. Several
children of the near
kindergarten (outside
when the accident
happened) feel sick.

• What are the dangers?
• What services we need
to call?


CNL - SWRL rules

If Z is an actor and if a crisis has-type a crisis-type
and if Z reacts-to-type the crisis-type then the crisis
needs-actor Z.

If Z is an actor and if an effect causes a danger and if a
crisis induces the effect and if Z assumes a procedure and
if the procedure reduces the danger then the crisis needs-
actor Z.

If Z is an actor and if an effect concerns a people-group
and if a crisis induces the effect and if it is true that
the people-group has-victims and if Z is Emergency-
Medical-Service then the crisis needs-actor Z.


Reasoned Conclusions

CNL results:


Performed Tasks & Future Works

• English CNL for OWL - done
• Working on SWRL rules in CNL
• GIS & meta knowledge integration
• Collecting emergency management procedures
to be coded in CNL
• Working on CNL for Polish
• Working on CNL dedicated for other diciplines:
UE policy coordination process on national level,
oncology medical guidelines

Ontorion Semantic Knowledge Management Framework

Abox
Tbox
Rules CNL Console (Desktop or Web)

Executors

modularizator

Automatic UI (Desktop or Web)
Reasoner:
Hermit
Pellet
Racer
…


CNL user interface


noSQL implementation


Distributed approach


OASE - Ontology Aided Software Engineering

Ontology-Aided Software Engineering (OASE) is a semiotic framework for software
development. It extends the existing methodologies with an ability to express the
supporting knowledge in (controlled) natural language called OASE-English.


OASE-Annotator

OASE-Annotations and OASE-Assertions allow for the protection of the programmer from
breaking the design-time or runtime assumptions and can be checked by the reasoning
services (OWL-Reasoner) in terms of consistency and preservation of logical constraints.


OASE-Diagrammer

OASE-Diagrammer adds the ability to use the UML, together with the OASE framework.
OASE-Diagrammer is dual to OASE-Annotator. It allows to draw the UML representations
of software entities and supports OASE-Annotations.


OASE-Editor


Contact

Thank you

Cognitum | PL, Warsaw
office@cognitum.eu
+48 22 250 2541
www.cognitum.eu

abroad sales representatives:

Cognitum | CH, St. Gallen Cognitum | UK, Bristol
swiss-office@cognitum.eu uk-office@cognitum.eu


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