Pragmatic Analysis of Discourse Analysis lecture 5.pdf
- 1. Pragmatic Analysis of Discourse Analysis Abdul Majeed
- 2. • Pragmatic analysis of a discourse is a linguistic approach that focuses on how language is used in context to convey meaning beyond the literal interpretation of words and sentences. • It involves the examination of various elements of language, such as speech acts and cooperative principles, to understand how communication functions in real-life interactions. Let’s take a closer look at speech act theory and cooperative principles.
- 3. Speech Act Theory • Speech act theory developed by philosophers like J.L Austin and later refined by John Searle, is a fundamental concept in pragmatics. • It explores how language is used to perform actions in addition to conveying information. • Speech acts can be divided into three main categories.
- 4. • Locutionary act: these are the literal meaning of the words that are spoken. • Illocutionary act: these are the actions that are performed when the words are spoken, such as requesting, commanding or promising. • Perlocutionary act: these are the effects that the utterance has on the listener, such as persuading them to do something or making them feel a certain way. • Example: I promise to be there.
- 5. Co-Operative Principles • Co-operative principles, introduced by philosopher H.P. Grice in his theory of implicature, are a set of maxims that guide effective communication in everyday discourse. These maxims are: • The co-operative principle is based on the following four maxims: • Quantity: Be as informative as is required for the current purpose of the exchange. • Quality: do not ay what you believe to be false. • Relation: Be relevant. • Manner: Be clear and concise
- 6. • In pragmatic analysis both speech act theory and cooperative principles are used to understand how language functions in context. • How meaning is conveyed through speech acts. • How participants in conversation cooperate to achieve effective communication. • These concepts provide valuable tools for interpreting the nuances of everyday language use in a real-life interactions.
- 7. •THANK YOU