Present indefinite / simple tense
- 1. Tense Present Past Future Indefinite / simple Indefinite / simple Indefinite / simple Progressive /continuous Progressive / continuous Progressive / continuous Perfect Perfect Perfect Perfect continuous Perfect continuous Perfect continuous
- 2. Present lndefinite / Simple Tense ह द पहचान - ता ँ ,ती ँ , ता है ,ती है , ते हो , ते ह । Used to express 1. Habit (आदत ) 2 .Truth ( स य ) 3. Daily routine ( दनचया )
- 3. Example Ram gets up early daily . (habit) राम रोज ज द उठता है। (आदत) The earth moves around the sun . ( truth ) पृ वी सूय का च कर लगाती है । ( स य) I go to my office at 10.00 AM . (daily routine) म दस बजे अपना ऑ फस जाता ँ । ( दनचया )
- 4. Affirmative formula with examples Affirmative / Assertive ( सकारा मक वा य ) Subject (I ,we, you,they, plural sub.) + Verb 1st form + o . Subject ( he ,she ,it ,singular sub.) + Verb 1st +s/es/ies + o . Note - ( O = object / complement / adjuncts ) (Plural sub. = the boys,people,Ram and Shyam . etc) ( Singular sub . = The boy , some body , Ram .. etc) Example - 1. I play cricket . म के ट खेलता ँ । 2. He plays hockey . वह हॉक खेलता है ।
- 5. How to add - s / es / ies ‘es ‘is added to the verb ending with-o , s , ss ,ch , sh , x , z Such as - go , focus , pass , reach , finish , box , buzz ‘ ies ‘is added to the verb ending with ‘y‘ preceded by consonant by removing ‘ y ‘ from the verb . Such as - fly , cry , try ,dry , study ..etc ‘ s ‘ is added to the rest of the verb not under the above two categories . Such as - read , write , come , speak , tell , cut , open .. etc .
- 6. More examples of affirmative sentence 1. We swim in the river . हम नद म तैरते ह । 2. You teach English . तुम /आप अं ेजी पढ़ाते हो 3. They reach school in time.वे समय म कू ल प ँचते ह। 1. Sita swims in the river. सीता नद म तैरती है । 2. She teaches English . वह अं ेजी पढ़ाती है । 3. Ram reaches school in time.राम समय म कू ल प ँचता है । 4. Mohan flies a kite .मोहन पतंग उड़ाता है ।
- 7. Negative formula with examples Sub (I,we,you,they,plural sub.) + do not / don’t + v1st + o . Sub (he,she ,it ,singular sub.)+does not / doesn’t +v1st +o . Example 1. I do not / don’t play cricket . म के ट नह खेलता ँ । 2. He does not / doesn’t play hockey . वह हॉक नह खेलता है ।
- 8. More examples of affirmative sentence1. We do not swim in the river . हम नद म नह तैरते ह । 2. You do not teach English . तुम /आप अं ेजी नह पढ़ाते हो 3. They do not reach school in time. वे समय म कू ल नह प ँचते ह। 4. Sita does not swim in the river. सीता नद म नह तैरती है । 5. She does not teach English . वह अं ेजी नह पढ़ाती है । 6. Ram does not reach school in time. राम समय म कू ल नह प ँचता है । More examples of negative sentence
- 9. Interrogative formula with examples Do + sub ( I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.) +Verb 1st + o + ? Does + sub ( he ,she ,it , singular sub.) + Verb 1st + o + ? Example 1. Do I play cricket ? या म के ट खेलता ँ ? 2. Does he play hockey ? या वह हॉक खेलता है ?
- 10. More examples of interrogative sentence 1. Do we swim in the river ? या हम नद म तैरते ह ? 2. Do you teach English ? या तुम /आप अं ेजी पढ़ाते हो ? 3. Do they reach school in time ? या वे समय म कू ल प ँचते ह ? 1. Does Sita swim in the river ? या सीता नद म तैरती है ? 2. Does she teach English ? या वह अं ेजी पढ़ाती है ? 3. Does Ram reach school in time ? या राम समय म कू ल प ँचता है ?
- 11. Negative interrogative formula with example Do+ sub( I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.)not +Verb 1st + o + ? OR Don’t + sub (I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.)+Verb 1st + o + ? Does + sub (he ,she ,it,singular sub.)not + Verb 1st + o + ? OR Doesn't + sub ( he ,she ,it , singular sub.) + Verb 1st + o + ? Exa-1.Do I not play cricket ? या म के ट नह खेलता ँ ? OR Don’t I play cricket ? या म के ट नह खेलता ँ ? 2.Does he not play hockey? या वह हॉक नह खेलता है ?OR Doesn’t he play hockey ? या वह हॉक नह खेलता है ?
- 12. 1. Do we not swim in the river ? या हम नद म नह तैरते ह ? 2. Do you not teach English ? या तुम /आप अं ेजी नह पढ़ाते हो ? 3. Do they not reach school in time ? या वे समय म कू ल नह प ँचते ह ? 4. Does Sita not swim in the river ? या सीता नद मे नह तैरती है ? 5. Does she not teach English ? या वह अं ेजी नह पढ़ाती है ? 6. Does Ram not reach school in time ? या राम समय म कू ल नह प ँचता है ? More examples of negative interrogative
- 13. Why+ do + sub ( I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.) +Verb 1st + o + ? Why + does + sub ( he ,she ,it , singular sub.) + Verb 1st + o + ? Example 1.Why do I play cricket ? म के ट य खेलता ँ ? 2. Why does he play hockey ? वह हॉक य खेलता है ? Wh - interrogative formula with examples
- 14. More examples of wh - type interrogative sentences 1. Why do we swim in the river ? हम नद म य तैरते ह ? 2. Why do you teach English ? तुम /आप अं ेजी य पढ़ाते हो ? 3. Why do they reach school in time ? वे समय म कू ल य प ँचते ह ? 4. Why does Sita swim in the river ? सीता नद म य तैरती है ? 5. Why does she teach English ?वह अं ेजी य पढ़ाती है ? 6. Why does Ram reach school in time ? राम समय मे य कू ल प ँचता है ?
- 15. Why do+ sub( I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.)not +Verb 1st + o + ? OR Why don’t + sub (I ,we ,you ,they , plural sub.)+Verb 1st + o + ? Why does + sub (he ,she ,it,singular sub.)not + Verb 1st + o + ? OR Why doesn't + sub ( he ,she ,it , singular sub.) + Verb 1st + o + ? Exa-1.Why do I not play cricket ? म के ट य नह खेलता ँ ? OR Why don’t I play cricket ? म के ट य नह खेलता ँ ? 2.Why does he not play hockey?वह हॉक य नह खेलता है ?OR Why doesn’t he play hockey ?वह हॉक य नह खेलता है ? Wh -interrogative negative formula with examples
- 16. More examples of wh-type negative interrogative sentences 1. Why do we not swim in the river ? हम नद म य नह तैरते ह ? 2. Why do you not teach English ? तुम /आप अं ेजी य नह पढ़ाते हो ? 3. Why do they not reach school in time ? वे समय म कू ल य नह प ँचते ह ? 4. Why does Sita not swim in the river ? सीता नद मे य नह तैरती है ? 5. Why does she not teach English ? वह अं ेजी य नह पढ़ाती है ? 6. Why does Ram not reach school in time ? राम समय म कू ल य नह प ँचता है ?
- 17. 1. Fill in the blank with correct option 1. I ____ in class 10th. ( reads , read , reading ) 1. Mohan ____ fighter jet .( flies , fly ,flys ) 1. _____ study in collage . ( Ram , he , I ) 1. They _____ fruits ( sell , sells , selles ) 1. ______ reaches school in time . ( He , we ,you )
- 18. 2. Insert the correct option given in the bracket 1. I ____ go to college ( do not , does not , not ) 1. We ____ in school ( read , reades , reads ) 1. Mohan does not ___. (study , studies , studys ) 1. Do ___ speak English ? ( you , he , she ) 1. We _____ every day ( play , plays , playes )
- 19. 3. Correct the following sentences 1. Ram do not go to school . 1. Does we swim in the river ? 1. He fly a kite daily . 1. They does their home work daily. 1. Does I not play cricket ?
- 20. 4. Change the sentence as per instructions given in the bracket 1. I go to temple on Sunday ( negative ) 1. We do not swim in the pond ( affirmative ) 1. He play football in the evening .( Interrogative ) 1. Ram does not work . ( Negative interrogative )