Presentation- Hierarchy of Life - Atom - Biosphere
- 1. Hierarchy Of life Atom Molecule Organelles Living Cells Tissue Organs Organ Systems Organisms Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
- 2. Atom. • The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
- 3. Molecule. • A molecule is defined as a group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by covalent chemical bonds. In the narrow use of the word, molecules are electrically neutral.
- 4. Organelles. • In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is usually separately enclosed within its own lipid bilayer. • The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are to cells what an organ is to the body.
- 5. A living Cell. • The cell is the functional basic unit of life. And is the functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life.
- 6. Tissue. • Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. Hence, a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues.
- 7. Organs. • An organ is a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function. • Functionally related organs often cooperate to form whole organ systems. Organs exist in all higher biological organisms, in particular they are not restricted to animals, but can also be identified in plants. An example of this is the bladder. In single-cell organisms like bacteria, the functional analogues of organs are called organelles.
- 8. Organ systems. • A Biological system (or Organ system) is a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task. Common systems, such as those present in mammals and other animals, seen in human anatomy, are those such as the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the nervous system.
- 9. Organisms. • An organism is any contiguous living system. In at least some form, all organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homoeostasis as a stable whole. An organism may either be unicellular or be composed of, many cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.
- 10. Population. • A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define the population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals from other areas. Normally breeding is substantially more common within the area than across the border.
- 11. Community. • A community, Describes all the interacting organisms living together in a specific habitat (or biotope). Biotic communities may be of varying sizes, and larger ones may contain smaller ones. The interactions between species are especially evident in food or feeding relationships, The entire array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem.
- 12. Ecosystem. • An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving, physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact, such as air, soil, water, and sunlight. It is all the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment.
- 13. Biosphere / Gaia • The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be called the zone of life on Earth. From the broadest biophysiological point of view, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. The biosphere is postulated to have evolved, beginning through a process of biogenesis or biopoiesis, at least some 3.5 billion years ago. • The concept that the biosphere is itself a living organism, either actually or metaphorically, is known as the Gaia hypothesis.
Editor's Notes
- #1: Hierarchy of life; Atom, Molecule, Organelles, Living Cells, Tissue, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere.
- #2: Atom. The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
- #3: Molecule. A molecule is defined as a group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by covalent chemical bonds. In the narrow use of the word, molecules are electrically neutral.
- #4: Organelles. In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is usually separately enclosed within its own lipid bilayer. The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are to cells what an organ is to the body.
- #5: A living Cell. The cell is the functional basic unit of life. And is the functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life.
- #6: Tissue. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. Hence, a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues.
- #7: Organs. An organ is a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function. Functionally related organs often cooperate to form whole organ systems. Organs exist in all higher biological organisms, in particular they are not restricted to animals, but can also be identified in plants. An example of this is the bladder. In single-cell organisms like bacteria, the functional analogues of organs are called organelles.
- #8: Organ systems. A Biological system (or Organ system) is a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task. Common systems, such as those present in mammals and other animals, seen in human anatomy, are those such as the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the nervous system.
- #9: Organisms. An organism is any contiguous living system. In at least some form, all organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homoeostasis as a stable whole. An organism may either be unicellular or be composed of, many cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs.
- #10: Population. A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define the population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals from other areas. Normally breeding is substantially more common within the area than across the border.
- #11: Community. A community, Describes all the interacting organisms living together in a specific habitat (or biotope). Biotic communities may be of varying sizes, and larger ones may contain smaller ones. The interactions between species are especially evident in food or feeding relationships, The entire array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem.
- #12: Ecosystem. An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving, physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact, such as air, soil, water, and sunlight. It is all the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment.
- #13: Biosphere / Gaia. The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be called the zone of life on Earth. From the broadest biophysiological point of view, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. The biosphere is postulated to have evolved, beginning through a process of biogenesis or biopoiesis, at least some 3.5 billion years ago. The concept that the biosphere is itself a living organism, either actually or metaphorically, is known as the Gaia hypothesis.