Presentation landscape….architectural ppt
- 2. Introduction • Land is one of the basic commodities of the world. It‘s planning for use and conservation is a central, political and social issue. • Land becomes a landscape, when seen in terms of its physiographic and environmental characteristics.
- 3. 3 • Landscape interpreted as both a natural and a manmade system: • Natural landscape • Water • Vegetation • Landforms • Manmade • Anthropogenic effect • Mostly Built-Up spaces • Buildings and infrastructures • Working landscape • Agricultural land-food production Introduction
- 4. • Landscape is a component of environment and has five main compositional elements: 1. Landform, 2. Vegetation, 3. Water, 4. Structures and 5. Climate Introduction Landscape components
- 5. Landscape planning and design • Landscape Planning • is defined as an activity concerned with reconciling competing land uses while protecting natural processes and significant cultural and natural resources(Erv Zube , 1990). • Examples of urban landscape planning: • Urban park systems • Greenways • Landscape Design • is the art of arranging the five landscape elements to make good outdoor space. • The art of developing property for its greatest use and enjoyment • Involves understanding the environment around the structure and selecting plants that perform well in that environment.
- 6. 6 • The objectives of Landscape Planning are similar to those of Landscape Design but planning projects tend to be: • More concerned with public goods than private goods, • Larger in scale, • Longer in duration, • Implemented by many contracts, rather than one contract
- 7. • aims to conserve and create good outdoor space. Outdoor space can be 'good' from many points of view, which can be categorized as social, ecological and aesthetic. • The means of creating good outdoor space is through the arrangement and composition of these five elements: landform, water, vegetation, paving and structures Landscape planning and design
- 8. 8 Landscape designers Vs. Landscape planners • Landscape designers tend to work for clients who wish to commission construction work. • May be specified to a project site • But, Landscape planners can look beyond the 'closely drawn technical limits' and 'narrowly drawn territorial boundaries' which constrain design projects • Beyond project area
- 9. 9 Landscape planners • are concerned with the 'health' of the landscape, just as doctors are concerned with bodily health. • A medical doctors advise both on the health of individuals and on matters of public health. • When individuals take actions injurious to public health, these actions are properly regulated by law. • The collective landscape is a public good which should be protected and enhanced by legislation and public administration.
- 10. Landscape Designers • Influence Natural Processes, Social Processes and Aesthetic Processes. • Their aims and objectives can also be placed in these three groups. • Outdoor space which is 'good' from one point of view (eg social); may be bad from another point of view (eg aesthetic or natural process). • A space can also be good for humans but bad for other species (eg a swimming pool with treated water).
- 11. What is landscape architecture? • Landscape architects design most everything outside the walls of buildings, and often locate the buildings in the landscape, too. • Landscape architects plan both small and large sites, sometimes of hundreds or thousands of acres. • Designing campuses, subdivisions, vacation resorts, shopping centers, playgrounds, trails, public parks and gardens.
- 12. What landscape architecture is doing? • Shaping the land to accommodate uses. • Laying out roads and designing the experience of driving on them -curves, intersections, hills, valleys and views. • Providing travel ways for pedestrians and cyclists, skaters and boarders –paths, trails, sidewalks… • Designing parking lots and drainage systems. • Selecting materials and detailing how to construct walls, paving, gazeboes, patios, etc
- 13. Example : the arrangement of buildings, roads, parking, plants, water bodies…
- 14. What is Landscaping in general? • Landscaping is a profession that includes designing, installing, and maintaining the outdoor human environment. • There are 3 branches of the landscaping industry • Landscape Architecture • Landscape Contractors • Landscape Maintenance
- 15. Landscape Architects • Licensed professionals • Conceptualize and plan the outdoor environment or landscape for residential and commercial clients. • Landscape designers usually do actual drawings for residential, commercial, institutional etc. landscapes.
- 16. Landscape Contractors • Carry out the installation or actual construction of the landscape plan • Often use subcontractors to do special work such as pools, electrical work, stonework, planting etc. • Planting of different species.
- 17. Landscape Maintenance • Extended care of existing landscapes • The care and upkeep of the landscape after installation • Watering using irrigation
- 18. Design-build Firms • Landscape businesses that handle everything from the initial contact with the client through design and construction as well as long-term care and maintenance.
- 19. Landscape Nursery Worker • Professional who sells and installs landscape plants and related materials.
- 20. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as nature: This view holds nature to be dominant and human beings to be subordinate. Landscape as habitat:- In this view, landscape is home for humankind.
- 21. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as artifact:- In this view, landscape is an entity created by people. From this view point, nature no longer exists. The entirety of the landscape is human-created. Landscape as system:- This view has the landscape as a system consisting of interdependent subsystems. In this mindset, humans and nature are expressions of a single systematic oneness.
- 22. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as problem:- In this view, landscape is seen as a situation needing correction. This view tends to be applied to both natural and human made elements of the landscape. Ozone depletion, polluted air, urban crime, abandoned housing, spoiled beaches, contaminated estuaries, soiled streams, eroded lands, urban blight and sprawl, congestion and dilapidated buildings are physical evidence of this problematic landscape.
- 23. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as wealth:- This view is based on the perception that people own land. In this view, the primary value of land is its economic worth and all other measures of the landscape are secondary to its investment potential. Land is a commodity whose value is determined in the market place in units of currency. The value depends on the accessibility, the location, the infrastructure facilities, etc.
- 24. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as ideology:- In this view, landscape is seen as a symbol of the values, ideals, aspirations, hopes and dreams of a culture. The person who holds this view is concerned with the encoding and decoding of meanings, concerning the collective consciousness of the culture, its underlying philosophies and its self perception. For these people landscape not only represents the physical expression but also the hopes and dreams of that culture.
- 25. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as history: Landscape in this view is the complex documentation of the history of activities of nature and man, in a particular location. It is seen as a cumulative record documented chronologically. Elements have meaning in context to the chronology, the events leading to the creation of elements and the subsequent changes these elements heralded. In this view everything is positioned in time and sequence.
- 26. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as a place: Landscape in this view is a sensual experience. It is largely a visual and spatial interpretation, but incorporates all sensory inputs including sounds, smells and tactile characteristics. It focuses on the psychological feel, flavor and ambience of the place, the richness it evokes and its ability to be remembered over time.
- 27. Landscape Interpretations Landscape as aesthetic This view places primary emphasis on the artistic quality of landscape features. The focus is on the landscape as visual scene. It interprets visual forms on the basis of some language of art for example as line, form, color, texture, rhythm, proportion, balance, symmetry, harmony, tension, unity, variety and so on
- 28. Landscape Interpretations Philosophical Concepts :- Philosophical concepts can express the image, purpose, or underlying essence of the project. They are more broad, global, and contemplative in character. Some are without boundaries-sweeping and expansive. For example, the idea of whether a site has an inherent sense of place is a broad philosophical concept.
- 29. 29 Why Urban landscape has changed dramatically?