The Impacts of Dam Construction on Natural Resource Access and the Livelihoods of Project-Affected People
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The document investigates the impacts of dam construction on access to natural resources and the livelihoods of displaced households in Vietnam, focusing on the Binh Dien and Ta Trach dams. It reviews compensation and displacement policies, evaluates changes in natural resource access, and assesses the livelihood conditions of affected families over time. Key findings highlight increased poverty rates post-resettlement and changes in land use efficiency and income-generating activities.
The Impacts of Dam Construction on Natural Resource Access and the Livelihoods of Project-Affected People
- 1. Title: The impacts of dam construction on natural resource access and the livelihoods of project- affected people: a case study of Binh Dien and Ta Trach dams in Thua Thien Hue Province, Viet Nam. Pham Thi Nhung
- 2. I. Introduction Objectives To provide a detailed picture of the impacts of displacement and resettlement policies associated with dam development on natural resources access (NRA) and the livelihoods of project-affected households. The study’s specific objectives - To review all Vietnamese compensation and displacement policies, and land policies. - To evaluate changing NRA and the negative or positive impacts of displacement and compensation policies on displaced households’ access to natural resources. - To evaluate livelihood changes, and the negative or positive impacts of displacement and compensation policies on displaced households’ livelihoods by focusing on income activities, incomes, assets, risks, and vulnerability. - To draw a relationship between NRA, the displacement and resettlement policies associated with dam construction and the livelihoods of affected households.
- 3. Binh Dien RA - 51 households (48 Catu households), population is 241 Ta Trach RA: people with 114 labors. -197 Kinh households - To resettle in Binh Thanh - To resettle in Binh Thanh commune since 2006 due to constrution Binh Dien Commune since 9/2005 due hydropower. to construction Ta Trach dam. -Poor rate is 23% before - Rate poor is 25% before resettlement and 49% in 2011 resettlement and 50% in -Total of its area is 35 ha. 2011. - Total area is 200ha (165 ha cultivated and building land , 35 ha of lake, rivulet and hollow land).
- 4. II. Key findings 2.1Compensation policy Ta Trach project Binh Dien Project Average compensation level is 29.5 million vnd and one 68million vnd/hh house with value 60 million 1.5 million vnd/hh to displace and vnd/hh 0.3 million vnd/hh to reclaim; Support all of fee of household who move to others displacement and reclaim (not RA) was supported 3 million vnd; household who have wounded soldier, revolutionary martyr, the heroes was supported 1-3 million Vnd 30kg rice /person/month 21 kg during 6 months rice/person/month, during 12 months
- 5. Rate of money invests in components of resettlement program Ta Trach project Binh Dien project Total expense is 133billion Total expense is 8.5billion vnd (total 810households, 7 vnd (49 households, 1 RA) RAs). whereas: 2% Compensation 7% Livelihood support Infrastructure 41% 45% Other 55% 42% 6% 2% Source: reports of Binh Dien and Binh Thanh resettlement programs
- 6. 2.2 Changing of natural resources access 2.2.1 Changing of land access Chart 3: Changing rate of household have land use certificate (LUC) 120 (Percentage, N=125) 100 100 86.4 86.4 80 60 40 20 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 building land forest land garden land before resettlement 2006 2011 (Source: Survey household 2012)
- 7. Chart 4: Change of efficiency of land use Change efficiency of garden Change of efficiency of forest land use ( million vnd/ha) land use 20 ( millon vnd/ha/year) 25 18 17.9 22.2 16 20 20.5 14 12 15 10 8.8 Ta Trach 11 Ta Trach 8 Binh Dien 10 7.3 7.3 Binh Dien 6 7.37 5 4 5 4.7 2 0 0 Before 2006 2011 Before 2011 resettlement resettlement Source: Household survey , 2012
- 8. Diagram 1: Impact of resettlement program on land access
- 10. Surface water source in RA Surface water source in old place
- 11. Diagram 2 : Impact of resettlement program on access to CPR
- 12. 3.3 Change and impacts of resettlement program on livelihood Chart 5: Rate of participated household on income activities ( Percent, N=125) Source: household survey, 2012
- 13. Chart 6: Income structure of household Source: household survey, 2012
- 15. Chart 6: Change of important level of assets with livelihood of HH Ta Trach Binh Dien (Source: Group discussion 2012)
- 16. Diagram 4: Vulnerability in RA and cause
- 17. Thank you for your attention!