Presentation on cucumber mosaic virus
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This presentation summarizes information about Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV). CMV infects a broad range of plant species, including cucumbers, and is an important model for studying plant-virus interactions. The presentation describes CMV's structure, including its genome composed of three single-stranded RNA molecules, and capsid. It also outlines CMV's lifecycle within plant cells and dissemination through aphid vectors or contaminated seeds. CMV causes mosaic symptoms on leaves and fruits and can lead to systemic infection. The presentation notes CMV's significance in agriculture and its worldwide distribution, except in Libya.
Presentation on cucumber mosaic virus
- 1. A PRESENTATION ON CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS Presented by MD ROBEL AHMED STUDENT ID: L20192E020101 1ST YEAR 1ST SEMESTER FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES AND MECICINE Presented to PROFESSOR , ZHENG YING YOU FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES AND MEDICINE ZHEJIANG SCI-TECH UNIVERSITY DATE OF SUBMISSION: 12th OCTOBER 2019
- 2. Think about a VIRUS, What comes in our mind? Oh! It’s a devastating /harmful biomolecules. But it also has some positive or good effect on agricultural product improvement. Can cause serious epidemic in term of plants or animals Cucumber Mosaic Virus Model for understanding Plant-virus interactions and Agricultural impact.
- 3. Virus introduction physiology and internal structure. Lifecycle and mode of action. Why CMV is so important and its effect on society. My presentation on Cucumber Mosaic Virus or CMV
- 4. Virus introduction, physiology and internal structure Having broadest host range among plant viruses. Showing high degree of diversity. Host: Cucumber (1241 host species among 101 plant species) Disease: Mosaic disease
- 5. Virus Introduction Physiology and Internal structure Discovery of Virus: 1917 by Deolittle and Jagger ( Book- The mosaic disease of Cucurbits) Family: Bromoviridae Genus: Cucumovirus Properties Make It overwhelming in Research Mechanical transmission. Strong accumulation in infected hosts. Easy purification from small samples. Infectious cDNA available. Transmitted by Aphids.
- 6. Structural Organization and Gene Expression Virus Introduction Physiology and Internal structure The Viral Genome A. Three single stranded positive sense RNA RNA 1 Protein 1a RNA 2 Protein 2a and Protein 2b Interferes with host RNA interfering (RNAi) Pathway RNA 4 RNA 4A RNA 3 Protein 3a or Movement Protein (MP) Sub-genomic RNA Capsid Protein(CP) Protein 2b
- 7. B. Small Encapsilated RNA RNA 5 Satellite RNA Virus Introduction Physiology and Internal structure C. Defective RNA Defective RNA 3 has been identified. Virion Structure: • 29 nm in diameter. • 180 subunit of single capsid protein. • 18 ℅ RNA 29 nm
- 8. Lifecycle and mode of action. Entering into the cell Genomic RNA uncoated and replicated Viral RNA translated to produce viral protein Synthesis of minus (-) strand of RNA Minus strand producing plus (+) strand
- 9. Lifecycle and mode of action. Cell to Cell Movement Using plasmodesmata virus moves to neighboring cells. RNA 3 produce MP (3a protein) which involved in this task. Activities of MP: Localization of plasmodesmata. Increase size exclusion limit (SEL) of plasmodesmata. Bind with RNA to transfer another cell. Long Distance Movement Three distinct steps
- 10. Lifecycle and mode of action. Dissemination in nature: Important parameter for epidemic Dissemination by Aphid Dissemination by seeds (contaminated seeds Primary source) Reservoir Host (Latent infection) 40 species
- 11. Lifecycle and mode of action. A. Symptom development in susceptible hosts Mosaic symptom (leaves and Fruits) Systemic necrosis (lead to death, Systemic syndrome) B. Additional symptoms: Malformation of leaves or growing points. Yellow streaking of leaves (especially monocots). Yellow spotting on leaves. Ring-spots or line patterns on leaves or fruit Flower color breaking. Distinct yellowing only of veins.
- 12. C. Co-infections and synergism The interaction or cooperation of two or more organism, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. CMV & a virus of another genus. (Crinivirus, Potexvirus, Polyvirus, Tobamovirus) Worsen the disease condition (Synergy). Lifecycle and mode of action.
- 13. Lifecycle and mode of action. Plant defense against VIRUS virulence 1. Salicylic acid and Jasmonic acid. 2. mRNA silencing by miRNA or siRNA (small interfering RNA). Basal RNA-mediated defenses Salicylic Acid (SA) Jasmonic Acid (JA) PR Gene Having antagonistic effect on plant defense
- 14. 3. Hypersensitive Reaction (HR) response of host cell. • First visible in Arabidopsis thaliana . • Very common in Fabacea (beans) families • Hormone Spermine derived cell signaling responsible for defensive HR response against CMV. • Restrict the virus within few cells around infection sites. Lifecycle and mode of action.
- 15. Lifecycle and mode of action. Protein 2b mediated counteract against host defense Protein 2b interfere and suppress RNA silencing by sequestering siRNA. Protein 2b also can inhibit miRNA action. Protein 2b also escape the virus from SA induced defense of host in N. glutinosa.
- 16. Lifecycle and mode of action. Genes conferring resistance to CMV: Natural Resistant Gene
- 17. Lifecycle and Mode of Action. Detection of Virus in Plants 1. Agar Immunodiffusion Test Without any equipment. large amount of serum. 2. ELISA The most convenient technique to detect virus. 3. Molecular Technique Using specific primer to amplify specific regions and RT-PCR
- 18. Why CMV is so important and its effect on society CMV is distributed all around the world. Libya is the only country where it still never found!!!!!!!!! It found around 1241 host species within 101 plant species. In some cases it can cause 100 percent of crop loss. Opening a new research for plant-virus interactions. Protein 2b is the doubtless area of CMV future research.