Presentation on Textile Singeing
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Singeing is a process that removes loose fibers from fabric or yarn surfaces through heating or burning. There are three main types: plate, roller, and gas singeing. Plate singeing uses heated plates, roller singeing uses a hollow, heated cylinder, and gas singeing uses open flames. Singeing makes materials smoother, increases luster, and improves dyeing and printing quality. Precautions must be taken to avoid damage like uneven singeing, loss of strength, or thermal damage to heat-sensitive materials.
Presentation on Textile Singeing
- 4. At a glance Singeing Objectives of singeing Types of singeing Advantage and disadvantage of different kinds of singeing Yarn singeing Advantage of singeing Precaution during singeing Conclusion
- 5. SINGEING Singeing is a mechanical process by which hairy, loose fibers are removed from the surface of the textile material either by heating or burning to make the material smoother and lustrous.
- 6. Objectives of Singeing To remove the loose or protruding fibers from the surface of fabric or yarn To obtain a smooth surface To increase the luster of the fabric or yarn To minimize the tendency of pill formation in wear
- 7. Types of Singeing Process 3 types of singeing: Plate Singeing Process Roller Singeing Process Gas Singeing Process
- 8. Plate Singeing: Dried Fabric is made to pass over the heated bright red plates at speeds up to 200 yards per minute, according to quality which burns out the protruding fibres and provided clear fabric surface.
- 9. Advantage of plate singeing: Very suitable for back filter in finishing process. A certain amount of luster is produced due to friction. Uniform singeing. More effective for velvet &pile fabric.
- 10. Disadvantage of plate singeing: Very difficult to maintain the proper heat control of the plate. Only one side of the fabric is singed. Discontinuous process so more time required. More labor cost.
- 11. Roller Singeing: In this type of singeing machine the cloth passes over a hollow cylinder which revolves slowly in the opposite direction of the goods. The hollow cast iron or copper cylinder is fired internally. The fabric gets singed and runs through water bath for quenching and plaited.
- 12. Advantage of roller singeing: The surface temperature is more uniform than plate singeing machine. The method is very suitable for velvet and pile fabrics. Luster increase. Uniform singeing.
- 13. Gas singeing: The most common singer is a row of gas burners arranged so that the material passes rapidly through the open flame and it burns out the protruding fibers from the fabric surface. While singeing is a simple process, care must be taken to not damage the fabric.
- 14. Advantage of gas singeing: Uniform temperature ensure to proper singeing. Both side of the fabric can be singed. As the process is continuous, there is no hamper in production. After singeing fabric is cleaned in de sizing tank, so all sparks are easily removed. Ideal singeing.
- 15. Disadvantage of gas singeing: Dirty burners can produce spot on fabric. The process is not suitable for synthetic fabric. Due to in consistent of fabric speed, it may be burnt.
- 16. Yarn Singeing Textile yarns are singed for applications like sewing thread, where the resistance caused by protruding fibers during high speed sewing needs to be lowered. The high friction may lead to a lot of frictional heat generation, leading to damage to fabric and frequent yarn breakage.
- 17. A hairy and a singed yarn
- 18. Advantages of Singeing 1. By singeing process giving it a smooth, even and clean looking face in a textile goods 2. Singeing is an essential process for the goods or textile material which will be subjected to mercerizing, dyeing and printing to obtain best results from these processes 3. After singeing increased wet ability, better dyeing characteristics, improved reflection, no "frosty" appearance, a smoother surface, better clarity in printing, improved visibility of the fabric structure, less pilling and decreased contamination through removal of fluff and lint.
- 19. Precaution During Singeing Some of the precautions to be taken in considerations during singeing:- The fabric to be singed should be dry as wet fabric tend to scorch more readily than dry. Uneven singeing may cause streaks on fabric or bubbles when the fabric is finished. Improper singeing may lead to loss of 75 % loss in tensile strength loss in warp direction. The fabric should not contain any acid releasing salt, which may release acid on heating and tender the fabric. Stopping the machines may cause bars on the fabrics.
- 20. Singeing may cause hardening of the size thus leading to difficulty in its removal. Possibility of thermal damage to temperature sensitive fabrics. The burning characteristics of fibers must be taken into account when this process is applied, as heat-sensitive fibers melt, forming tiny balls on the surface of the fabric. These balls interfere with dye absorption, so that, as a general rule, heat sensitive fibers would be singed after dyeing or printing.
- 21. Conclusion Singeing is a process to remove projecting or protruding fiber. Thus process applied to both yarns and fabrics to produce an even surface by burning off projecting fibers. Singeing is performed only in the woven fabric. But in case of knit fabric, similar process of singeing is known as bio polishing where enzyme is used to remove the protruding fibers. Singeing is done to make the material smoother and lustrous.