Presentation skills
- 2. The essential elements of effective presentation:- 1. Purposeful 2. Interactive 3. Formal 4. Audience oriented
- 3. Successful presentation pass through the following SIX STAGES 1. Specifying the objective 2. Planning 3. Preparation 4. Rehearsal and Practice 5. Getting Ready 6. Make a Presentation
- 4. 1. SPECIFYING THE OBJECTIVE • 1. To Demonstrate: a service, product, system • 2. To Create: an image, strategy • 3. To Entertain: colleagues, outside people • 4. To Sell: a concept, product, idea • 5. To Represent: a group, company, department • 6. To Promote: an attitude, a way of working • 7. To Suggest: a solution, a new concept
- 5. 2. PLANNING • Planning focuses on THREE aspects, 1. Know your Audience: - What is the audience’s background and how knowledgeable they are? - What are their strength and weaknesses? - How large your audience is? - What age group do they belong to? - Will the audience be all female, male or mixed lot?
- 6. 2. Physical Factors - Where and at what time of the day is the presentation to be made? - Number of speakers and your position to present (first, middle or last) - Availability of Audio-visual aids and technical skills to use it. - Will you be needing handouts? - How long will your presentation be?
- 7. • 3. Structuring the Presentation - Your Introduction and statement of objective:- who you are, your organizational details, purpose to present anything, build rapport with audience (10% of available time) - Introduction of the main themes: brief summary of theme to stop wandering around unnecessary stuff (20% of available time)
- 8. - Development of the main themes: use examples, statistical data, anecdotes (jokes, puzzles), graphics, images, arguments to support and justify your main theme, (40% of available time) - Integration of the themes : pull down all the themes together to form one idea of presentation. Clear the picture of presentation. 20% of available time.
- 9. - Summary or Conclusion: Highlight the main points to endure the final impression of presentation on the audience. Make your point clear and present it in brief. (punch line) - Question-answer session: Questions and doubts should be projected and the presenter should be ready with his response. Answer the questions in a satisfactory way.
- 10. 3. PREPARATION • 1. Collect all relevant information (based on the extent of your knowledge, your objectives and the need of your audience) • 2. Arrange it logically and sequentially. • 3. Think of suitable punch lines for the opening and closing sections. (look for some quotation, poetical lines, anecdote etc.) • 4. Prepare your visuals (illustrate your points with the help of visuals and words) • 5. Check the weightage of given to each section. (Check the priorities of your arguments as per its importance in overall given time) • 6. Time your presentation (Remember that the actual presentation always take more time than we expected, so margin your time limits)
- 11. 4. PRACTICE AND REHEARSAL • One can practice it in a solitary room, in front of mirror, to friend, colleague, anything of your choice. • One can tape (record) it and listen it critically in order to identify mistakes and make improvements. • Full dress rehearsal, proper voice variations, pauses and gestures can make an effective presentation. .
- 13. 5. GETTING READY • Formal dress • Whatever you wear, it makes you look tidy, neat, and dignified. • Wear comfortable attire • Be cautious that your dressing should not catch the attention of your audience. That may misleads the concentration from main content.
- 15. 6. MAKING THE PRESENTATION • Transfer all the points clearly as per the objectives to your audience confidently. • Greet the audience warmly. Address your audience or VIP’s as per the designation. • Introduce yourself briefly. • Sound clear, courteous, and considerate. (success of presentation depends on the rapport built by a presenter with his audience. • Maintain sequence and chronology of arguments. Emphasize on key points, facts and figures to support main themes.
- 16. USING AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS • Use visuals only after creating rapport with audience. • Correspondence between the spoken words and visuals. • Sufficient time gap between two visuals. • A limited number of visuals. • Proficiency in handling controls. • Handouts at the end or when needed.
- 19. PARALINGUISTIC FEATURES • Paralinguistic features are important to complement your message. • 1. The Use of Voice: - Should be loud enough to be audible - Variation in pitch and pace is important to make it an interesting one - Don’t speak in Nasal tone - Stress the key words properly - Give pause before and after important points.
- 20. TONE: Varying your tone in your speech for example, raising your voice slightly to indicate a question, lowering it to end the sentence, speaking louder to indicate excitement or softer to express sadness- will help to keep your audience awake and alert. The tone of voice is the expression of one’s thinking and personality.
- 21. Pitch or Volume: Highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice. Changes in pitch are known as inflections. Clarity: to have good pronunciation, unclench the jaw, open the mouth and speak each sound with perfect pronunciation. Variety: it makes your speech interesting and effective. Vocal variety can be achieved variations in pace, volume, pitch and pause.
- 22. Variety in three things… Pace: speed of speech. Pitch: Vocal energy i.e. emphasis on certain words and phrases to convey their importance. Pause: used to highlight the preceding statement or to gain attention for a few seconds.
- 23. • 2. Eye Contact: - Maintaining eye contact will help you in creating a positive rapport with your audience. -It makes them attentive and alert. It shows your confidence - Don’t stare at one person for too long. - Spread your eye contact around the room. PARALINGUISTIC FEATURES
- 24. • 3. Gestures: - Should be natural and compatible with the contact or topic, neither exaggerated nor stiff. - Putting your hands in pocket, holding them behind the back shows lack of confidence. - Crossing the arms at the chest or clutching them to elbow shows anxiety, nervousness. - Move your hands freely or naturally. Even pointing at someone with your index finger is also a bad manner. PARALINGUISTIC FEATURES
- 26. • 4. Postures: - Leaning over the podium or against the table, swaying to and fro, rolling from side to side, shifting your weight from one leg to another suggests the stress level in facing stage. (stage fear) - Stand straight with an evenly distributed weight on both of your legs. - Move around stageto break the monotony of the simple pose throughout the presentation. PARALINGUISTIC FEATURES