Earned Value Management (EVM) is a technique for measuring project performance and progress. It involves establishing a performance measurement baseline at the start of a project based on its scope, schedule, and budget. Actual costs and schedule progress are then measured against this baseline through metrics like cost variance, schedule variance, cost performance index, and schedule performance index. EVM allows a project manager to identify any variances early to make corrections and periodically estimate expected final costs based on current performance. Following EVM best practices helps integrate project scope, schedule, and resources for improved management and predictability of project outcomes.