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Advertising has its origins in the U.S. in the early part of the 20th century. Ads were released to make the magazines interesting and the media paid for the ads instead of getting paid! Origin

Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and services by an identified sponsor. – Kotler Advertising is a paid, mass mediated attempt to persuade. “ salesmanship in print” Substitute for a human salesman Definitions of Advertising

Economic effects of advertising Provides information Maintains or enhances brand equity Supports the media Provides employment Reduces distribution cost Provides product utility Stimulates introduction of new products

Advertising Media Press Newspapers Magazines Electronic T.V. Internet Video and Computer Games Cinema Radio Outdoor

Types of Advertising Commercial Advertising Media Covert Advertising Television Commercials Newer Media

Commercial Advertising Media Billboard Advertising Bus-stop Benches

A Flyer for an event sponsored by Nike

Choosing the right advertising medium For every business, each and every rupee is precious. None of the business advertise just for the sake of advertising. (specially small business) Every business do it to get most of the return of their investment. ( Maximise ROI ) Advertising campaign should translate to greater sales, more profits and healthier bottom line.

3 important Questions? Where are my target buyers? What is the best medium to reach them? Can I afford to launch an effective campaign using this medium?

Some Facts… There are no hard-and-fast rules as to which media is better. The right media for one business may be wrong for another. Even for the same business it is not necessary that media tool remains the same every time. The main reason behind this is change in the message and communication objectives.

Newspapers Newspapers are one of the traditional mediums used by businesses, both big and small alike, to advertise their businesses.

Newspapers (Advantages) Allows you to reach a huge number of people in a given geographic area. You have the flexibility in deciding the ad size and placement within the newspaper. Your ad can be as large as necessary to communicate as much of a story as you care to tell. Exposure to your ad is not limited; readers can go back to your message again and again if so desired. Free help in creating and producing ad copy is usually available. Quick turn-around helps your ad reflect the changing market conditions. The ad you decide to run today can be in your customers' hands in one to two days.

Newspapers (Disadvantages) Ad space can be expensive High competition against the clutter of other advertisers, including the giants ads as well as the ads of your competitors Poor photo reproduction limits creativity Newspapers are a price-oriented medium; most ads are for sales Expect your ad to have a short shelf life, as newspapers are usually read once and then discarded. You may be paying to send your message to a lot of people who will probably never be in the market to buy from you. Newspapers are a highly visible medium, so your competitors can quickly react to your prices With the increasing popularity of the Internet, newspapers face declining readership and market penetration.

Magazines Magazines are a more focused, albeit more expensive, alternative to newspaper advertising. This medium allows you to reach highly targeted audiences.

Magazines (Advantages) Allows for better targeting of audience, as you can choose magazine publications that cater to your specific audience. High reader involvement means that more attention will be paid to your advertisement Better quality paper permits better color reproduction and full-color ads The smaller page (generally 8 ½ by 11 inches) permits even small ads to stand out.

Magazines (Disadvantages) Long lead times mean that you have to make plans weeks or months in advance The slower lead time heightens the risk of your ad getting overtaken by events There is limited flexibility in terms of ad placement and format. Space and ad layout costs are higher.

Yellow Pages There are several forms of Yellow Pages that you can use to promote and advertise your business. Yellow Pages supplied by phone companies, Specialized directories targeted to specific markets (e.g. Hispanic Yellow Pages, Blacks, etc.); Interactive or consumer search databases; Audiotex or talking yellow pages; Internet directories containing national & local.

Yellow Pages (Advantages) Wide availability, as mostly everyone uses the Yellow Pages Non-intrusive Action-oriented, as the audience is actually looking for the ads Ads are reasonably inexpensive Responses are easily tracked and measured Frequency

Yellow Pages (Disadvantages) Pages can look cluttered, and your ad can easily get lost in the clutter Your ad is placed together with all your competitors Limited creativity in the ads, given the need to follow a pre-determined format Ads slow to reflect market changes

Radio (Advantages) Radio is a universal medium enjoyed by people at one time or another during the day, at home, at work, and even in the car. The vast array of radio program formats offers to efficiently target your advertising dollars to narrowly defined segments of consumers most likely to respond to your offer. Gives your business personality through the creation of campaigns using sounds and voices Free creative help is often available Rates can generally be negotiated During the past ten years, radio rates have seen less inflation than those for other media.

Radio (Disadvantages) Because radio listeners are spread over many stations, you may have to advertise simultaneously on several stations to reach your target audience Listeners cannot go back to your ads to go over important points Ads are an interruption in the entertainment. Because of this, a radio ad may require multiple exposure to break through the listener's "tune-out" factor and ensure message retention Radio is a background medium. Most listeners are doing something else while listening, which means that your ad has to work hard to get their attention

Television (Advantages) Television permits you to reach large numbers of people on a national or regional level in a short period of time Independent stations and cable offer new opportunities to pinpoint local audiences Television being an image-building and visual medium, it offers the ability to convey your message with sight, sound and motion

Television (Disadvantages) Message is temporary, and may require multiple exposure for the ad to rise above the clutter Ads on network affiliates are concentrated in local news broadcasts and station breaks Preferred ad times are often sold out far in advance Limited length of exposure, as most ads are only thirty seconds long or less, which limits the amount of information you can communicate Relatively expensive in terms of creative, production and airtime costs

Specialty Advertising This kind of advertising entails the use of imprinted, useful, or decorative products called advertising specialties, such as key chains, computer mouse, mugs, etc. These articles are distributed for free; recipients need not purchase or make a contribution to receive these items.

Specialty Advertising (Advantages) Flexibility of use High selectivity factor as these items can be distributed only to the target market. If done well, target audience may decide to keep the items, hence promoting long retention and constant exposure Availability of wide range of inexpensive items that can be purchased at a low price. They can create instant awareness. They can generate goodwill in receiver The items can be used to supplement other promotional efforts and media (e.g. distributed during trade shows).

Specialty Advertising (Disadvantages) Targeting your market is difficult. This can be an inappropriate medium for some businesses. It is difficult to find items that are appropriate for certain businesses Longer lead time in developing the message and promotional product Possibility of saturation in some items and audiences Wrong choice of product or poor creative may cheapen the image of advertiser

Effectiveness of Advertising Communication Able to deliver a personalized message Able to reach a large audience Level of interaction Credibility given by target audience Costs Absolute Costs Cost per contact Wastage Size of investment Control Able to target particular audience Flexibility Degree of effectiveness Low High Low Low High Low High High Med. Med.

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