Presentation1
- 1. NAME: NURUL NADIAH BT MOHD NASIR MATRIC NO: P71699 5 FACTORS THAT AFFECTING LLS USAGE
- 2. GENDER (Khamkein, 2010) ◦ A number of studies reported significantly more use of learning strategies than their male counter parts. E.g (Goh & Kwak,1997; Green & Oxford, 1995; Gu 2002) ◦ These studies postulated that female students used Compensation & Affective strategies more frequently than male ones. ◦ In a recent study by Hong-Nam and Leavell (2006), revealed that female engaged in strategy use more frequently than makes in Learning English as a second language.
- 3. MOTIVATION ◦ According to Gardner (1985), motivation and attitudes are the primary sources contributing to individual language learning. ◦ The formers refer to the individual’s willingness and interest in having social interaction with members of the L2 group. ◦ Gardner and Macintyre (1993), concluded that both instrumental and integrative orientation motivated students to learn more. ◦ Oxford & Nyikos (1989), indicates that the learners with high motivation to learn a language will likely use a variety of strategies
- 4. EXPERIENCES ◦Purdie and Oliver’s (1999) study highlights the importance of experience in studying a language as one of the factors affecting the choices of LLS. ◦Opper, Teichler, & Carlson’s (1990) findings show that studying abroad is deemed to have an influence on student’s thought and learning style, especially in their actual ability in language learning. ◦Oxford (1996) conclusion exerting that there are other factors including culture & nationality that can influence on learning strategies choice.
- 5. FAMILY BACKGROUND (WU &LIN FANG 2013) ◦ Family background is one of the important factors that affecting LLS ◦ Blake (1989), indicates that learning resources will be diluted in the large families including parental interaction & attention. ◦ Seawell & Shah (1987) mentioned that the educational aspirations among young people are positively related to socioeconomic background. ◦ Shah (1967), mentioned that parent’s background will affect grades positively because higher –educated parents will place more emphasis on academic achievement & create home situations that are conducive to study.
- 6. PROFICIENCY LEVELS (RAHIMI, 2004) ◦Research shown that more effective language learners use more & better learning strategies than poorer language learners. (Rubin, 1975; Stern 1983) ◦Chen (1990), in his study on the relationship between the strategies & the proficiency level of L2 learners found that low proficiency students employed more communication strategies then high-proficiency one.