Presentation2.pptx
- 1. Learning activities in curriculum process & Teaching strategies in learning process Presented By: Muhammad Zohaib M.Phil Eduction 2023-2025 Presented To: Sir Gulap Shahzada Department IER University Of Science & Technology Bannu.
- 2. Learning activities in curriculum process. In the curriculum process, learning activities are a crucial component that supports the overall goals of education. These activities are designed to engage students in meaningful experiences that help them acquire, retain, and apply knowledge and skills.
- 3. Some key considerations of learning activities in the curriculum process: Alignment with Learning Objectives: Learning activities should be closely aligned with the learning objectives and outcomes specified in the curriculum. They should provide opportunities for students to demonstrate their understanding and mastery of the content and skills that are being taught. Variety of Learning Experiences Effective learning activities encompass a variety of experiences to cater to diverse learning styles and preferences. These may include individual work, group projects, hands-on activities, discussions, and real-world applications.
- 4. Authentic and Real-World Relevance Learning activities should provide opportunities for students to apply their learning in real-world contexts, fostering connections between classroom learning and practical, everyday applications. Formative Assessment Opportunities Learning activities serve as opportunities for formative assessment, allowing educators to gauge student understanding and provide feedback to support ongoing learning and improvement. Integration of Technology Incorporating technology in learning activities can enhance engagement, provide access to a wide range of resources, and develop digital literacy skills.
- 5. Teaching strategies in learning process: What is Teaching? Traditional teaching: It is an act of imparting instructions to the learner in the classroom situation. Modern concept: It is to cause the pupil to learn and acquire the desired knowledge, skill and also desirable ways of living in the society. Thomas F. Green’s concept: “Teaching is the task of teacher which is performed for the development of a child.” Ryburn: “Teaching is a relationship which keeps the child to develop all his power.”
- 6. What is learning? Learning is said to be equivalent to change, modification, development, improvement and adjustment. ▶ Gates: “Learning is modification of behavior through experience”. ▶ Woodworth view: “The process of acquiring new knowledge and new responses is the process of learning.”
- 7. Teaching learning strategies ▶ Strategies which maximize opportunities for interaction. ▶ According to Strasser: “Teaching strategy is generalized plan for a lesson or lessons which includes structure, desired learner behavior, in terms of goals of instruction and an outline of tactics necessary to implement the strategy” ▶ According to B.O smith: “Teaching strategy refers to a pattern of teaching acts that serves to attain certain outcomes”.
- 8. There are many strategies which enhance teaching and learning processes. Some of the following are Lecture method Discussion method Question answer method Cooperative learning Project method
- 9. Lecture Method According to Perrott (1982): In almost all lessons or learning sequences, the teacher has to present information and ideas. He has to introduce topics, summarize the main points of the learning activity and stimulate further learning. All these activities require the use of lecture-explanation techniques. They are efficient; planning time is devoted to organizing the context. Less attention has to be devoted to teaching strategy. They are flexible and can be adapted to a wide range of subjects. Most people can learn to lecture well enough to survive in a classroom. Lectures are easier to learn than most other instructional strategies. They are easier for teacher due to simply “telling” students about the subject.
- 10. The Discussion Method Discussion Methods is an organized teaching/learning process. By this method, the class may be arranged in groups or panels. The class may remain together to exchange views, opinions or ideas on pre-determined topics. This is a method in which the students are actively involved if the groups are in small numbers and heterogeneous.
- 11. Types of Discussion Method Panel Discussion: This is a discussion in which a few persons carry on a conversation in front of audience. Formal Discussion: In this type of discussion class is divided into small groups. A topic is given to all groups. Each group selects its leader and divide responsibilities in all group members. Students participate in the discussion in form of groups. Informal Discussion: In this type of discussion a topic is given by the teacher to students. All the class participates in discussion. Grouping is not done in the class. Every student has a chance to speech. Parliamentary Discussion: In this type of discussion the whole class is divided into two groups. One group is in the favor of the topic and other is in the opposite. Teacher guide the students whenever
- 12. Question Answer Method Question answer teaching strategy is an old strategy also known as “Socratic Method of teaching”. It was developed by the famous philosopher Socrates. According to Parke, “the question is the key to all educative activity above the habit-skill level. It strategy is focused on to achieve the cognitive objectives and bringing knowledge to the conscious level. It has the following principle: Theory of unfoldment, all knowledge is within the child, teacher cannot teach any ting from outside. The knowledge can be emitted by linking the questions with his answers.
- 13. Cooperative Method. In cooperative learning students will: Gain from each other's efforts. Your success benefits me and my success benefits you. Understand that all group members share in the outcome. We all sink or swim together. Know that how well you do is the result of both individual and team performance. We cannot do it without you.
- 14. Project method It is one of the modern methods of teaching in which the students’ point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and the principle of Learning by Doing. In this strategy students perform constructive activities in natural condition. It demands work from the pupils. According to W.H.Kilpatrick: “A project is a whole-hearted purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment”. This teaching strategy focus on To socialize a child. To achieve cognitive, affective and psychomotor objectives.