students sample
- 3. OUR ENVIRONMENT Environment is defined as the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. Environment means the circumstances, objects or conditions where someone is surrounded. This could be the climate, soil or living things around a person.
- 4. Classification of environment 1.Water: It is very important for survival and is essential part of all living things Oceans, rivers and ponds provide he habitat for many animals 2.Temperature The temperature of habitat determines the types Dogs pant to loose heat when their surroundings become too warm Water in form of droplets, rivers. Thermometer
- 5. 3.Food Prey:- a. Animals that are being eaten b. A prey is usually a plant eater or a plant and animal eater Predator:-a. Animals that hunt or eat other animals b. A predator is usually a animal-eater or a plant-eater and animal eater 4.Light An important factor for the survival of all living things Plants and other organisms that depend on plant for food will die without sunlight food sunlight
- 6. 5.Air Important to both plants and animals regardless of whether they are on land or in water Most aquatic plants and animals obtain their oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air in the water Aquatic organisms will die if there is not enough oxygen in the water Without oxygen an organism will die very quickly Plants cannot make food and will die Plants and animals depend on each other for air Composition of Air 1 20 79 Nitrogen Oxygen Other gases Air bubbles in water Air pollution
- 7. 6.Soil Soil is the mixture of minerals, organic matter, gases, liquids and a myriad of micro- and macro- organisms that can support plant life. Soil is the end product of the influence of the climate, relief (elevation, orientation, and slope of terrain), biotic activities (organisms), and parent materials (original minerals) acting over periods of time Sandy soil is dry and good for oxygen supply Garden soil contains a lot of decayed animals and plants and is very fertile Clayey soil tends to clump together Various types of soil
- 8. 7.Plants Without plants, nearly all life on Earth would end. Plants are living beings and provide oxygen for humans and animals to breathe and they provide food for many animals. There are about 260,000 plant species in the world today found in land oceans and in fresh water Plants are broadly divided into two groups: flower- and fruit-producing plants and those that do not produce flowers or fruits. Flowering and fruit plants include all garden flowers, agricultural crops, grasses, shrubs and most leaf trees. Non-flowering plants include pines, ferns, mosses etc. A tomato plant Tulsi plant A Rose Plant
- 9. 8. Animals Animals belong to the largest and most diverse of the five kingdoms of living things. So far over two million animal species have been identified. All animals share certain features. Unlike plants, animals get the energy they need by eating food. Animals are classified into various categories which include sponges,cnidarians,worms,crustaceans,insects,arachinds,molluscs,echinoderms,fish, a mphibians ,reptiles ,birds ,mammals. They are also classified as carnivorous animals(that eat other animals for food),herbivorous animals(that eat plants for food), and scavengers(that eat dead animals). A tiger A deer A marabou stork and a white-vulture bacteria
- 10. So what is an Ecosystem? Thus air, light, water, soil rocks etc. are abiotic factors of the environment. And Micro-Organisms plants and animals constitute biotic factors Interactions between abiotic and biotic factors form an ecological system or eco system.
- 11. Importance of Environment The environment-the Earth-is our home. Our entire life support system is dependent on the well-being of all of the species living on earth i.e. environment The plants are consumed by animals who are in turn consumed by other animals who may in turn, be consumed by humans, or used for material clothing etc. Human beings utilizes the natural resources for development of civilization of human beings. The life saving medicines are obtained from the environment Even crude oil ,petroleum ,minerals ,energy (electricity) is obtained from the environment. Therefore, all the processes such as survival, reproduction ,growth and development etc., of living organisms are done under the environment.
- 12. Environment Degradation The deterioration of the environment by natural or human forces is known as environmental degradation Causes 1. Natural happenings like heavy rain, floods, storms, earthquakes, volcanoes etc. degrade the environment. These activities are not under human control 2. But when man himself plays a vital role in degrading the environment in which he lives, then the problem becomes more serious. 3. Environmental degradation is one of the major global issues. The overuse of resources is it land or water and the industrialisation process are the major causes of this phenomenon. 4. Man has been felling the tress for his various purposes. 5. Our population is increasing fast, which has also degraded the environment to a great extent. 6. The race of armament among countries is also responsible for this global issue. 7. Apart from these our industries emit smoke and discharge liquids including polluted water. The smoke contains many undesirable gases such as carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide.
- 13. Causes 8. The pollution in atmosphere has tendency to form their layers and sinks in atmosphere. 9. The chlorofluorocarbons are emitted by aerosol sprays nuclear weapons, refrigerators etc. which are harmful to the environment and deplete the ozone layer 10. All these factors have caused a great harm and degradation of the environment. deforestation Emission of gases from industries Improper garbage disposal
- 14. Effects of Environment Degradation Air pollution causes 2 million premature deaths per year in the world. It also causes diseases such as CHF, MI, ASTHMA ,PVD ,cerebrovascular disease and many other diseases. Ozone hole over Antarctic (2½X size of Europe) is formed due to destruction of ozone layer. It would result in increased cataracts (UV damage) Due to the increased consumption of natural resources and depletion it may result in gulf war as countries need to export more and more oil. Due to over use of pesticides they cause harm to human body via food(e.g.. Fish) WHO: 1,000,000 people killed by pesticides over the last 6 years They also cause diseases such as diabetes, obesity depression etc. Industry waste, improper emission techniques is always a major cause for pollution. Industry diseases such as Minimata Japan, love canal U.S.A , Bhopal India ,Chernobyl U.S.S.R are already famous.
- 15. Effects of Environment Degradation Deforestation greatly results in water depletion. Global warming is constantly resulting in increased temperature all across the globe Polar icecaps/glaciers/Greenland ice sheet/Himalayas/permafrost melting, sea levels rising Weather extremes ,natural disasters, infectious diseases are increasing. If we do not conserve environment now probably humans may not exist after 80 years So the environment degradation is affecting human life greatly
- 16. Environment Protection Inculcating environmental values It means the ability to judge right or wrong actions in context of environmental issues It includes oneness with nature ,curiosity for the environment, respect and affection for the environment. Judicious use of resources, cleanliness ,social responsibility towards environment, sustainable development and creativity are all the values one must inculcate within one-self for environment conservation. Our tradition treats nature as sacred so if we treat it as sacred it will automatically be conserved.
- 17. Environment Protection We have to be one with the environment Our body is made up of five fundamental elements(panchamahabhutas) They are Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Sky. The environment on earth as well as living organisms on it including humans are made of the same basic units called atoms. It therefore indicates oneness with environment. So if we inculcate all the values treat Environment as one we will definitely save the Environment.
- 20. Bibliography 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. www.google.co.in Our Environment textbook standard 9th www.nationalgeographic.com http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=oi http://en.wikipedia.org