Presentationdcn
- 2. GROUP MEMBERS •AQSA REHMAN (17581556-023) •RABIA ZAFAR (17581556-045) •MUBARAKA NAZIR (17581556-037)
- 4. TCP/IP INTRODUCTION • The internet protocol suite (commonly known As TCP/IP) is the set of communications Protocols used for the internet and other similar Networks. It is named from two of the most important protocols In it: • The transmission control protocol (TCP) and • The internet protocol (IP), which were the first two networking • Protocols defined in this standard..
- 5. HISTORY OF TCP/IP • THE DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY (DARPA), THE RESEARCH BRANCH OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, CREATED THE TCP/IP MODEL IN THE 1970S FOR USE IN ARPANET. • A WIDE AREA NETWORK THAT PRECEDED THE INTERNET. • TCP/IP WAS ORIGINALLY DESIGNED FOR THE UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM. • IT HAS BEEN BUILT INTO ALL OF THE OPERATING SYSTEMS THAT CAME AFTER IT. • THE TCP/IP MODEL AND ITS RELATED PROTOCOLS ARE NOW MAINTAINED BY THE INTERNET ENGINEER
- 6. MORE ABOUT TCP/IP • TCP/IP SPECIFIES HOW DATA IS EXCHANGED OVER THE INTERNET BY PROVIDING END-TO-END COMMUNICATIONS. • TCP/IP REQUIRES LITTLE CENTRAL MANAGEMENT. • Two protocols • TCP defines how applications can create channels of communication across a network. IT ALSO MANAGES HOW A MESSAGE IS ASSEMBLED INTO SMALLER PACKETS BEFORE THEY ARE THEN TRANSMITTED. • DEFINES HOW TO ADDRESS AND ROUTE EACH PACKET TO MAKE SURE IT REACHES THE RIGHT DESTINATION
- 7. COMPARISON BETWEEN OSI MODEL AND TCP IP
- 8. APPLICATION LAYER • This layer is comparable to the application , presentation, and session layers of the OSI model all combined into one. • It provides a way for applications to have access to networked services. • This layer also contains the high level Protocols. like SMTP , FTTP ETC.
- 9. TRANSPORT LAYER • This layer acts as the delivery service used by the application layer. • Again the two protocols used are TCP and UDP. • The choice is made based on the application's transmission reliability requirements. • The transport layer also handles all error detection and recovery. • It uses checksums, acknowledgements, and timeouts to control transmissions and end to end verification. • Unlike the OSI model, TCP/IP treats reliability as an end-to-end problem
- 10. NETWORK LAYER(INTERNET LAYER) • The network layer, also called the internet layer, deals with packets and connects independent networks to transport the packets across network boundaries. • The main protocol used at this layer is ip. • Some famous protocols are • ICMP, IGMP, RARP, ARP.
- 11. PHYSICAL AND DATA LINK LAYERS • AT THE PHYSICAL AND DATA LINK LAYERS, TCPIIP DOES NOT DEFINE ANY SPECIFIC PROTOCOL. IT • SUPPORTS ALL THE STANDARD AND PROPRIETARY PROTOCOLS. A NETWORK IN A TCPIIP INTERNETWORK • CAN BE A LOCAL-AREA NETWORK OR A WIDE-AREA NETWORK.
- 12. ADVANTAGES OF TCP/IP • TCP/IP is nonproprietary and, as a result, is not controlled by any single company. • Therefore, the internet protocol suite can be modified easily. • It is compatible with all operating systems, so it can communicate with any other system. • The internet protocol suite is also compatible with all types of computer hardware and networks.
- 13. THE DISADVANTAGES OF TCP/IP • The disadvantages of TCP/IP, or transmission control protocol/internet protocol, are its size and its speed. • Because tcp/ip is built for wide-area networks, its size can be an issue in small networks with limited resources,. • Because Tcp/Ip runs several layers concurrently, it can slow down network speeds.