Principles of broadcasting
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This document provides an introduction to broadcasting. It defines broadcasting as the distribution of audio and/or video signals transmitted to an audience. It originated from the farming practice of scattering seeds over a wide field. The document then describes different broadcasting systems such as institutional public address systems, low-powered narrowcasting stations, national radio and TV, satellite radio and TV, and internet streaming and podcasting channels. It also covers principles of broadcasting like modulation methods and the radio frequency spectrum. It lists strengths like impact, emotion, immediacy and weaknesses like sensationalism and lack of depth. Finally, it outlines requirements to broadcast which include a congressional franchise and certificate of public convenience from the Philippine government demonstrating technical and financial capability.
Principles of broadcasting
- 2. “Broadcast”
- 3. “Broadcast” Distribution of audio and/or video signals which transmit programs to an audience. To slide 14
- 4. “Broadcast” Originally used by farmers in the USA in referring to the sowing of seeds by scattering over a wide field.
- 5. Broadcasting Systems Institutional Public Address Low-Powered (“Narrowcasting”) National Radio & TV Satellite Radio & TV Internet Channels
- 6. Broadcasting Systems Institutional Public Address Low-Powered (“Narrowcasting”) National Radio & TV Satellite Radio & TV Internet Channels Transmits non-verbal messages and music within a school or a hospital.
- 7. Broadcasting Systems Low-Powered (“Narrowcasting”) National Radio & TV Satellite Radio & TV Internet Channels Transmits signal to a small area like community radio stations.
- 8. Broadcasting Systems National Radio & TV Satellite Radio & TV Internet Channels Has nationwide coverage using transmitter towers, satellite systems, and cable distribution.
- 9. Broadcasting Systems Satellite Radio & TV Internet Channels Wider areas such as entire continents.
- 10. Broadcasting Systems Internet Channels (Live Streaming) Distribute text or streamed music worldwide. Various audio-video streaming host sites: stickam.com, ustream.tv, justintv, etc.
- 11. Broadcasting Systems Internet Channels (Podcasting) Programs on-demand. It is hosted by several podcasting sites such as podomatic.com, soundcloud.com, etc. Podcast players can be embedded in blogs and websites and can be linked in social networks.
- 14. Principles of Broadcasting To slide 3
- 16. Principles of Broadcasting Full cycle
- 18. Principles of Broadcasting (Methods of Modulation)
- 19. Principles of Broadcasting (Methods of Modulation)
- 21. Broadcast Frequencies UHF TV Channels (300Mhz-3,000Mhz) AM Broadcast (300khz3,000khz) FM Radio & TV (30Mhz-300Mhz)
- 22. Broadcast Frequencies FREQ. BAND FREQ. RANGE Long Wave AM 148.5khz-283.5khz (LF) International Service Medium Wave AM 530khz- 1710khz (MF) Commercial Service Short Wave Band 3Mhz – 30Mhz (HF) Commercial Service TV Band I (Ch.2 -6) 54Mhz – 88Mhz (VHF) FM Radio Band II APPLICATION Commercial Service 88Mhz – 108Mhz (VHF) Commercial Service TV Band III (Ch. 7 – 13) 174Mhz – 216Mhz (VHF) Commercial Service TV Bands IV & V (Ch. 14 – 69) Commercial Service 470Mhz – 806Mhz (UHF)
- 23. Strengths of Broadcast Media Impact: sight, sound motion “Theater of the mind”
- 24. Strengths of Broadcast Media Emotion Maintains loyal audiences
- 25. Strengths of Broadcast Media Personal and Intimate presentation Communication is direct and personal
- 26. Strengths of Broadcast Media Immediacy Immediate
- 27. Strengths of Broadcast Media Good builder of Reach Frequency builder
- 28. Strengths of Broadcast Media Local and national Portable
- 29. Weaknesses of Broadcast Media Crosses over to entertainment Sound only
- 30. Weaknesses of Broadcast Media Sensationalism Background (low attention)
- 31. Weaknesses of Broadcast Media No time for accuracy Messages are short-lived
- 32. Weaknesses of Broadcast Media Lacks of depth Low-reach
- 33. Requirements to Broadcast It’s an authority from the Phil. government issued to companies that use the airwaves.
- 34. Requirements to Broadcast Congressional Franchise It’s an authority from the Phil. government issued to companies that use the airwaves.
- 35. Requirements to Broadcast Certificate of Public Convenience It is issued by the NTC to show that a firm is capable to operate a broadcasting station or network.
- 36. Requirements to Broadcast Certificate of Public Convenience Audited Financial Statements for the last 3 years Economic Feasibility Study Technical Feasibility Study Permit to Purchase a Transmitter Construction Permit
Editor's Notes
- #37: AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENT– This means that the business entity requesting for the establishment of a broadcast station has been operating in the last three years. ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY– The feasibility study ensures the success of the business venture. It also states the sources of funds. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY– The mechanics of the broadcasting is discussed and the assurance that no other station is technically affected is stated.