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Graphic
Arts
Technology
&
Education
Druck
Associer
Paper & Ink
Paper & Ink
Printing Papers
Printing Papers
Print Classification
newspapers
magazines
books
advertising
commercial
Print Classification
business forms, stationery
greeting cards
security
maps
packaging
Printing Papers
Printing Processes
letterpress
litho - offset
gravure
flexography
screen printing
Printing Papers
thermography
die stamping
collotype
electrostatic
ink jet
Printing Processes
Printing Papers
coating
varnishing
lamination
bronzing
Stamping
embossing
Converting Processes
Printing Papers
diecutting
folding
scoring
stapling, stitching
cutting, binding
gluing
Converting Processes
Printing Papers
printability
runnability
End use
life expectancy
Paper Requirements
Printing Papers
sheets
roll, reel, or web
Paper Packings
Printing Papers
Basis weight or substance
expressed as grammes per
square meter – G / M2
1 sq meter X weight of sample
area of sample
Grammage
Printing Papers
caliper expressed in microns
one micron = .000001 meter
.001 millimeter
Thickness
Printing Papers
thickness in microns ( µm )
Substance in grammes per square meter ( G / M2
)
Bulk
Printing Papers
Strength
tensile
bursting
tearing
folding
Printing Papers
Optical Properties
opacity
brightness
gloss
colour
Printing Papers
Printing Papers
Optical Properties
Moisture Content
expressed as percentage of
weight of a completely
moisture free paper
Printing Papers
Temperature
equilibrium between the
paper and the room
temperature
Printing Papers
Dimensional Stability
ability of the paper to hold
to its size without
expansion or shrinking
Printing Papers
Surface Strength
fluffing
picking
Printing Papers
Smoothness / Roughness
related to paper surface
irregularities - smoothness
is opposite of roughness
Printing Papers
Absorbency
oil
water
Printing Papers
Dot Gain
Printing Papers
pH
measure of acidity
or alkalinity of paper
Printing Papers
Printing Papers
Sheet Fed
Sheet Fed
flatness
minimum curl tendency
grain direction
dimensional stability
moisture content
tinting tendency
Printing Papers
Sheet Fed
trimming
pick resistance
freedom from active chemicals
ink drying
lint, paper dust, powder
piling tendency
Printing Papers
Printing Papers
Web Fed
Printing Papers
Web Fed
1000 mm
Wastage
1” = 10 %
2” = 19 %
3” = 28 %
4” = 36 %
5” = 44 %
6” = 52 %
Printing Papers
Web Fed
Web Fed
flatness
moisture content
lint and dust
stapling, stitching
moisture resistance
pick resistance
Printing Papers
Web Fed
blistering
delamination of base stock
tinting tendency
dimensional stability
piling tendency
Printing Papers
Printing Papers
printing processand its application .ppt
Printing Inks
Artists’ Originals
Printing Inks
Photographic Originals
Printing Inks
CMYK
Printing Inks
visible
pantone
printing
colour monitor
Special Colours
Printing Inks
Pantone Hexachrome
process yellow fluorescent pigment
process magenta fluorescent pigment
process cyan
orange fluorescent pigment
green based on yellow cyan mix
black with alkali blue toner
Printing Inks
Paste Inks
Litho – offset sheet fed
web fed cold set
web fed heat set
UV, infra-red, EB
dry-offset, waterless
Letterpress sheet fed
web fed
letterset
UV, infra-red, EB
Screen process all types
Printing Inks
Liquid Inks
Flexography
Gravure
Printing Inks
Ingradients
colouring matter pigments and dyes
vehicles varnishes and resins
solvents oil, water, xylol,
acetone, keytone, etc.
Additives driers, waxes,
anti-oxidents, etc.
Printing Inks
Colour Strength
Printing Inks
Solid density
1.20
0.60
0.30 0.90
0
0
100
50
Dot %
Colour Strength vs Dot Gain
Printing Inks
dot gain
dot size
on print
dot size on
film
Dot Gain
Printing Inks
Hue Error
Printing Inks
400 700
500
100
0
energy
600
B G R
Toners and Inks
Printing Inks
400 700
500
100
0
energy
600
B G R
Toners and Inks
Printing Inks
400 700
500
100
0
energy
600
B G R
Toners and Inks
Printing Inks
Grey Error
Printing Inks
Lithographic Problems
scumming poor platemaking
inadequate gum
dirty dampeners
fount pH too high
low ink rheology
water soluble paper
ingradients
Printing Inks
Lithographic Problems
tinting pigment bleeding
ink-in-water emulsion
stripping poor roller setting
sensitized copper rollers
hydrophilic ink component
piling overemulsification ink-in-water
ink rheology breakdown
Printing Inks
Rheological Problems
tack and tack stability
poor ink flow
ink breakdown
viscosity
Printing Inks
Drying Problems
ink markings on the machine parts
set - off
rub - off
rapid drying on ink rollers
Printing Inks
Reproduction Problems
finish
gloss
dot gain
dot loss
Printing Inks
Trapping
Printing Inks
overprint
2 nd colour
1 st colour
Trapping
Printing Inks
Dot Gain
Even Uneven
Printing Inks
paper ink
Tone Reproduction
(Print Density)
Printing Inks
ideal
art paper
glossy inks
uncoated
board
dirty base
density of original
print
density
white base
limit
Tone Reproduction
(Print Density)
Printing Inks
art paper
glossy inks
uncoated
board
Tone Reproduction
(Print Density)
Printing Inks
quickset
fast drying
print gloss
water pick-up
low odour
environment friendly
Printing Inks
Other Factors
Waterless Offset
less wastage – quicker start up
sharper printing
faster drying
Printing Inks
Waterless Offset
aluminium base
Printing Inks
Silicon
coating
image
area
Waterless Offset
less wastage – quicker start up
inks less dependent on temperature
reduced pick-up tendency
improved transfer characteristics
press cooloing system
costly plates – easily damaged – low pick-up substrates
unsuitable
Printing Inks
Printing Inks
Paper & Ink
Graphic
Arts
Technology
&
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printing processand its application .ppt