probability 1

LEARNING
DESIGNERS OUTCOMES

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TUTORIALS CONTENTS

AZIMA BINTI ABDUL NORADLINA BINTI
RAHIM ZKERI
D20091036017 D20091036016

IJLAL BINTI MOHD. AZNIDA BINTI CHE
DIAH AWANG
D20091036006 D20091036011

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An experiment is a process or an operation
with an outcome.

Toss a balanced die once and observe its
uppermost face

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When toss the coin,we can only get two results :

Head
Tail

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The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is
called the sample space. It usually denoted as S.

Example 1:
Mr.Adam has a fruit stall that sells bananas,apples,
watermelons,papayas and durians. Students of class
4KP are asked to select their favourite fruit from the
fruits at Mr.Adam’s stall.
S = {banana,apple,watermelon,papaya,durian}
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Example 2:
A month is randomly selected from a year.
Describe the sample space of this experiment
by using set notation.

S={January,February,March,April,May,June,July,
August,September,October,November, Decem
ber}
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EVENT

Is a subset of the sample space
Is an outcome or a set of outcomes that
satisfies certain condition
Denoted by a capital letter

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EVENT
Example 1 : •J is known as
A box contains five cards written an event of the
with 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively. A experiment.
card is picked randomly from the
box. •The number
of outcome of
 S={1,2,3,4,5} an event
n(P)=2
 If we define J as ‘the card with an
even number’ , the outcome of J in
set notation will be J={2,4}
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EVENT
Example 2 :
A letter is randomly selected from the word ‘COMPUTER’.
Determine the number of possible outcomes of the event that
selected letter is
i. A vowel
ii. A consonant
SOLUTION
Let A=event that the selected letter is vowel={O,U,E}
Therefore n(A)=3

Let B=event that the selected letter is consonant={C,M,P,T,R}.
Therefore n(B)=5
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PROBABILITY OF AND
EVENT
Probability of and event E,

P(E)= number of outcomes of the event
number of outcomes of the sample space

P(E)=

0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1

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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT

P(E)=0 means that it is impossible for the event to
happen

P(E)=1 means that the event is certain to happen

The closer the probability of a given event is
to 1, the more likely it is to happen.
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PROBABILITY OF AND
EVENT
Example :
A bag contain 3 red balls and 4 white
balls. If Rasyid puts his hand in the
bag and picks a ball, what is
the probability that the ball he
picked is white?

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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT
Solution :
S= {R1, R2, R3, W1, W2, W3, W4}
n(S)=7
Let E is the event of the drawing a white ball
E={W1, W2, W3, W4}
n(E)=4
Therefore the probability of drawing a white ball
is 4/7
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EXERCISE 1
A number from 1 to 11 is choosen at
random. What is the probability of
choosing an odd number?
1/11
5/11
6/11
None of above

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EXERCISE 2
A bag consists of 3 green, 1 white
and 1 purple chips. Two chips are
drawn from the bag. Which of the
following outcomes are possible?
(green, red)
(green, green)
(purple, purple)
(white, white)
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EXERCISE 3
A dice is rolled 420 times.
How many times will a number greater
than 4 occur?
70
210
140
360

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EXERCISE 4
There are 45 boys and girls in a class.
Given the probability that a boy is
chosen is 4/15. The number of girls is
8
12
25
33

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EXERCISE 5
Out of 5000 applicants, only 275 are
chosen. If Azni is one of the applicants,
what is the probability that he is
chosen?
11/200
200/11
189/200
200/189
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