Problematic soils (aridisol)
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- 2. Problematic Soils 2 Shahab Ud Din BSc(Hones)Soil Science University of Sargodha
- 3. C o n t e n t s Definition Types Extents 3
- 4. Problematic Soil The soils that causes additional problems from agricultural and engineering point of view as a result of circumstances of its compositions and change in environmental condtions. 4
- 5. Types of Problematic Soils C h e m i c a l Acidic Saline Sodic Alkeline P h y s i c a l Fluffy paddy Sandy soil Hard Pans Clay Soil Surface crusted soils Water logged Soil 5
- 7. Acidic Soil The soils having Ph less than 7 is called acidic soils The extreme acidic soil having Ph ranges from 4-4.75 To neutralize acidic soils, add pulverized lime or dolomite lime. 7
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- 9. Saline Soil The soil having excess soluble salts (NaCl) is called saline soil. It causes the accumulation of soluble salts in root zones. These excess salt reduce plant growth by altering water uptake and causes imbalance. 9
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- 11. Solution Salts can be moved below root zone by applying excess water than the plant need, this method is called leaching requirement. Saline soil 11
- 12. Sodic Soils The soils having high value of exchangeable sodium (Na) and some other salts. Causes: Sodic soils may impact on plant growth by; Toxicity to Na sensitive plants Nutritional deficiency or imbalance. High Ph 12
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- 14. Solution Application of gypsum With excess water. Sodic Soils 14
- 15. Alkaline soils Alkali or Alkaline soil are those soils having Ph more than 7. A poor soil structure and low infiltration rate. They have often hard calcareous layer at 0.5-1 m depth. 15
- 16. Alkaline Soil Alkeline soils can be reclaimed by adding organic compost and organic garbage, etc. Ensuring the incorporating the acidifying material (organic or in organic). Also incorporate calcareous sub-soil and top soil. Solution 16
- 18. Fluffy Paddy Soil They are characterized by low bulk density. Poor encourage to paddy seedlings. This can be reclaim by passing of 400kg of road roller. 18
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- 21. Sandy Soil The size of particles are larger. Low water holding capacity. Low CEC Low nutrient profile. Having 60-70% sand Clay 10-15% Silt 20-25% 21
- 22. Hard Pans Hard pans occurs due to movement of clay and Fe-oxides below 15cm depth. These are reclaimed by chisel ploughed at 0.5m interval, frist in one direction and once in perpendicular to first one Once in three year. 22
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- 24. Surface crusted soil The soils are weakly aggregated soil structure easily can breakdown by the impact of rain resulting in the formation of clay crust on the surface. The clay pan prevents the emerging of seedling. 24
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- 26. Water logged soil Water logging refers to the saturation of soil with water. Soil may be regard as water logged when watertable is too high to convenionently permit an anticipated activity, like agriculture. 26
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- 28. E x t e n t o f P r o b l e m a t i c S o i l s Pakistan 28
- 29. Semi Detailed and Detailed survey Sr. No. Title of report Area covered 1 Sami detailed survey 900,000 hactear 2 Detailed survey 390,000 hac 3 Punjab forest area Tahsil wise 110 29
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- 36. Soils Present in Pakistan 36
- 37. Any Question Thank y o u 16x9 4x3 37